ch. 5 jonathan pak
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| Ch 5 Matter in Motion Terms |
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| Motion | When an object changes position over time when compared with a reference point
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| Speed | rate at which an object moves
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| Average Speed Formula | total distance/total time
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| Velocity | speed of an object in a particular direction
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| What can cause velocity to change? (2 things) | positive acceleration and negative acceleration
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| Acceleration | rate at which velocity changes
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| Acceleration is how fast what changes? | velocity
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| Acceleration Formula | final velocity-starting velocity/time it takes to change velocity
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| Positive Acceleration & Examples | plane taking off, driving down a hill
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| Negative Acceleration & Examples | car stopping at a stop sign, bicycle slowing down
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| Centripetal Acceleration & Example | jogging on a winding trail, driving around a corner, standing at Earth’s equator
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| Force | push or pull
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| Newton (N) | unit that scientists use to express force
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| Net Force | the force that results from combining all the forces exerted on an object
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| Why are unbalanced forces necessary to cause movement? |
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| Balanced Forces |
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| Friction | force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching
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| Sources of Friction |
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| Relationship between greater force & friction |
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| Sliding Friction |
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| Rolling Friction |
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| Fluid Friction |
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| Ways to reduce friction | lubricants
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| Ways to reduce friction | sandpaper
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| Ways to increase friction | make surfaces rougher
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| Section 4 |
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| Gravity | force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses
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| Why must force be used to lift objects? |
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| What does the Law of Universal Gravitation state? (3 parts) |
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