ILS Final Sem 1
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| What is the definition of Science | System of knowledge and the methods used to find that knowledge
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| How are science and technology related | Advances in one leads to advances in the other
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| What are the branches of Natural Science | Physical, earth and space, life
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| How do Earth Science and Life Science overlap | Earth science studies systems that includes living things
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| What are the main ideas of Physical Science | Universe is very large and old, forces cause changes in motion, energy can not be destroyed, but it can change form
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| What are the building blocks of matter | atoms
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| What are the steps of the scientific method | making observations-obtaining information through senses,
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| Which step involves information gathered through the senses | observation
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| When a hypothesis is proven incorrect, what must you do | revise hypothesis
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| What is a scientific law | summarizes a pattern in nature
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| What is a model and why are they important | physical or mental representation of an object, visualize very large, small, or extinct objects
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| What is the most important safety rule | follow instructions
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| How do you write a decimal in scientific notation | 0.000032=
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| How do you convert between SI units | conversion factors
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| What is precision | number of decimal points
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| Describe the Kelvin and Celsius scales for temperature | boiling 100C, 273K, conversion add 273 to C=K, K-273=C
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| What are the 3 types of graphs and what do they show | circle-parts of a whole, line, bar
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| What is the difference between a direct proportion and an inverse proportion | direct=both values increase or decrease, Inverse=as one increases the other decreases
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| Which leads to a straight line on a graph | direct- constant relationship between manipulated and responding
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| Why is peer review important | ex: articles, email, conferences-others look over work
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| What is a pure substance | made of one type of molecule, can not be broken down simply
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| What are the symbols for gold and aluminum | Au, Al
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| Why is water a compound | 2 hydrogens for each oxygen
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| What is a mixture | substances together, but not chemically combined
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| What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures | Homogeneous is the same throughout
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| What are the differences between a colloid, suspension, and a solution | Colloid is cloudy, suspension settles
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| What is malleability | can be pounded into thin sheets, metals
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| What is viscosity | resistance to flow
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| How does filtration separate mixtures | size
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| What is distillation | Used if particles are too small to filter
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| What is the difference between physical and chemical changes | physical- compostion does not change, chemical composition does change
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| What is flammability | Burning requires oxygen
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| What does reactivity mean | Easily combines with other substances
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| What are the signs of a chemical change | Bubbles, color change, precipitate
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| 99% of all matter is in what phase | plasma
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| Define solid, liquid, and gas | solid= Def vol-Def shape, liquid=Def vol- no Def shape, Gas=No Def vol or shape
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| What is pressure | Force distributed over an area
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| How are pressure, temperature, and volume related | increse temp- increase pressure, decrease temp- decrease pressure
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| What is the equation for the combined gas law | (p1)(v1)=(p2)(v2)
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| t1 t2 |
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| How are vaporization and condensation related | vaporazation is the opposite of condensation
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| What happens to temperature during a phase change | Stays constant
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| Name and describe 6 types of phase change | Freezing, melting, boiling, condensing, sublime, deposition
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| What is the difference between and endothermic and exothermic change | endo- heat goes in, exo heat goes out
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| Who named the atom | Democritus
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| Describe the following models of the atom |
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| Democritus | Solid indivisible ball
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| Rutherford | Positive nucleus
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| Dalton | atoms of different elements are different, compounds=ratio of elements are the same
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| Bohr | Electrons in paths around the nucleus like planets
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| What are the charges of the 3 subatomic particles | proton +, electron -., neutron neutral
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| What is the mass of the 3 subatomic particles | P and N= 1 AMU, E=1/2000 AMU
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| What is used to identify an element | Atomic number
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| What is the atomic number | Number of protons
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| What is an isotope | Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
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| Describe the electron cloud model | Electrons can be anywhere within an energy level, spend more time in dense areas
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| What is the difference between ground state and excited state electrons | Ground state has less energy
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