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Midterm Study Stack

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
What are the two major groups of minerals?   Silicates and Nonsilicates  
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What is a mineral deposit that is large and pure enough to be mined called?   Ore  
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The color of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white unglazed porcelain is called the mineral's ...   Streak  
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What kinds of mines are open pit quarry mines?   Surface mines  
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Which mineral is the most resistant to scratching?   Diamonds  
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On what type of of surface does a fracture happen?   Curved  
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More than 90% of Earth's crust is made up of what type of minerals?   Silicate  
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A mineral must have what kind of definte structure?   Crystalline  
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A mineral that is composed of only one element is called a ...   Native Element  
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What is a naturally formed, inorganic solid with a defininte crystalline structure?   Mineral  
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What is the tendency of some minerals to break along smooth, flat surfaces?   Cleavage  
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What is the ratio of mass to volume of a substance?   Density  
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What is the special property that causes some minerals to glow?   Fluorescence  
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What are minerals that contain silicon and oxygen?   Silicate minerals.  
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What is returning land to the wait it was before mining called?   Reclamation  
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What type of minerals are good conductors of heat and electricty?   Metallic Minerals.  
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A solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern are called...   Crystals  
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A substance made up of made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds are...   Compunds  
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A measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching is...   Hardness  
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The way in which a mineral reflects light is...   Luster  
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Characteristics that are particular to only a few types of minerals are...   Special Properties  
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Tear shaped bodies that form when magma moves upward are...   Pegmatites  
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Environment in which bodies of water of salt water dry up are...   Evaporating Salt Water  
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What are the three types of rock in the rock cycle?   Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic  
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What are the processes involved in the formation of Igneous rocks?   Melting and cooling  
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What is an example of a Native Element?   Copper and Silver  
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What is a special property that causes a mineral to attract iron?   Magnetism  
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What is the process in which a mineral changes composition during metamorphism called?>   Recrystallization  
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Who wrote the "Principles of Geology" and helped dispel beliefs about catastrophism?   Charles Lyell  
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What are most minerals made up of>?   Compounds  
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If a mineral is shiny, what is it?   Metallic  
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If a mineral is dull yet reflective, what is it?   Submetallic  
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If a mineral is dull and not reflective, what is it?   Nonmetallic  
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What are dissolved materials that are carried into lakes and seas by surface water and ground water called?   Limestones  
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Which minerals are formed when magma rises towards the crust, but stops before it hits the surface?   Plutons  
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A naturally occurring solid mixture if one or more minerals or organic matter is what>?   Rock  
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What is a series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes?   Rock Cycle  
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What is the process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transport soil and sediment from one location to another.   Erosion  
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What is the chemical makeup of a rock/?   Composition  
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What is the quality of a rock that is based on the sizes, shapes, and positions of the rock's grains?   Texture  
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What is rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth's surface>?   Intrusive Igneous Rock  
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What is rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth's surface?   Extrusive Igneous Rock  
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What is layers of sedimentary rock?   Strata  
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What is the process in which sedimentary rock is arranged in layers?   Stratification  
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What is the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands?   Foliated  
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What is the texture of metamorphic rock in which the mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands?   Nonfoliated  
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A principle that states that geologic processes that occurred in the past can be explained by current geologic processes is...   Uniformitarianism  
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What is a fossilized mark that is formed in soft sediment by the movement of animals?   Trace Fossil  
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What are the remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geologic processes>?   Fossil  
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