Ch 12 Emotions, Stress, and Health
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| alarm | the first stage of response to stress, a brief period of high arousal of the sympathetic nervous system, readying the body for vigorous activity
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| anger management training | techniques for decreasing or restraining displays of anger
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| anxiety | an increase in teh startle reflex
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| autonomic nervous system | a section of the nervous system that contols the functionoing of the intercal organs, such as the heart
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| contempt | a reaction to a violation of community standards
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| disgust | a reaction to something that owuld make you feel contaminated if it got into your mouth
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| Duchenne smile | a spontaneous expression that inculdes movement of both the mouth muschels and cetain muscles near the eyes
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| embarrassment | the emotional reaction to mistakes, being the center of attention, or "sticky situation'
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| emotion-based coping (or blunting) | methods in which people try to weaken their emotional reaction
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| emotional intelligence | the ability to perceiv, imagine and understand emotions and to use tha information in decision making
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| exhaustion | the third stage of response to stress when the body's prolonged response to stress decreases the synthesis fo proteins, including the proteins necessary for activity of the immune system
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| frustration-aggression hypothesis | the theory that frustration leads to aggressive behavior
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| guilty-knowledge test | a test that uses the poilygraph to measure whether a person has information that should be known only by someone giulty of a certain crime or soemone who talked with the guily person
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| health psychology | a field of psychology concerned with how people's behavior can enhance health and prevent illness and how behavior contributes to recovery from illness
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| inoculation | protection against the harmful effects of stress by earlier exposure to smaller amount sof it
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| James-Lange theory | the theory that emotion is merely our perception of autonomic changes and movemetns evoked directly by vaious stimuli
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| microexpressions | very bried, involuntary expressions of fear, nger, or other emotions
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| parasympathetic nervous system | a system of nuerons located in teh medulla dn the bottom of the spinal cord; these neurons send messages to the internal organs to prepare the body for digestion and related processes
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| polygraph | a machine that simultaneously measures heart rate, breating rate, blood pressure, and electrcial conduction of the skin
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| positive psychology | the study of the features that enrich life, such ass hope, creativity, couragte, spirituality, and responsibility
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| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a condition in which people who have endured extreme stress feel prolonged anxiety and depression
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| problem-based coping (or monitoring) | methods in which people attend carefully to the stressful event and try to take effective actions
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| psychosomatic illness | an illnes that is influenced by a person's experiences- particularly stressful experiences- and by his or her reactions to those experiences
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| pure autonomic failure | an uncommon condition with unknown cause in which the autonomic nervous system stops regulating the organs
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| rape | secual activity without the consent of the partner
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| resistance | the second stage of response to stress; a stage fo prolonged but moderate arousal
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| Schachter and Singer's theory of emotions | the theory that the intensity of sympathetic arousal determines the intesity of an emotion but that cognitive factors determine the type of emotion
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| stress | according to Selye the nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upn it; according to Lazarus a situation that someone regards as threatening adn as possibly exceding his or her resources
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| subjective well-being | a self-evaluation of one's life as pleasant, interesting, and satisfying
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| sympathetic nervous sytem | a system composed of two chains of neuron clusters lying just to teh left and right of the spinal cord; these neurons send messages to the internal organs to perpare them for a burst of vigorous activity
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| Type A personality | a personality characterized by constant competitiveness, impatience, anger, and hostility
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| Type B personality | a personality characterized by an easygoing attitude, with little hurry or hostility
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