Injuries to Lumbar spine.
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| Facet joint Dysfunction | 2nd muscle spasm, possible swelling, positioned w/ less P! Loss of lumbar motion, side bending restricted. P! w/ EXT and FLEX, TTP, Sciatic nerve tests (-)
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| Lumbrosacral Sprains and Strains | constantly changing position. Paraspinal muscle spasm. ROM limited by P!& spasm FLEX reduced, EXT less P! and normal, injury is unilateral bending to uninvolved side is P! because of stretching of the muscle. Nero tests are normal, SLR P! TTP
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| Vertebral Fx & Dislocations | P! muscles spams & deformity swelling possible discoloration ROM Restricted by P! & spasms, motor deficiencies, p! while walking TTP, swelling, demormity, difficulty urinating or bowel evacuation
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| Disk Pathologies and Nerve Root Involvement | lateral shift of spine away from P! loss of lordosis spams pt moves frequently lumbar ROM reduced SLR P! less than 45 P! lessens when back EXT or prone on elbows neurologic deficiencies (+) tests: Wells, SLR, Milgram
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| Cauda Eqiuna Syndrome | Motor weakness (drop foot) walking on toes or heels are impossible, not able to raise from chiar Difficulty walking, bad balance loss of sensation & strength c/o bladder or bowel dysfunction and bilateral LE involvement medical emergency
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| Spondylolysis & Spondoylolisthesis | increased lumbar Lordosis Stands w/ hips & knees flexed, pelvis POST tilted Normal ROM, P! in lumbar EXT or FLEX Hamstring & paraspinal tightness and spasm SLR reduces symptoms Stands on ipsilateral leg and extends trunk P! (+) positive test
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