Scientific Revolution/Age of Exploration
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| rationalism | use of reason to understand the world
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| geocentric theory | belief that the earth is the center of the universe
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| harmony | things combining well with each other to form the universe as a whole
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| anatomy | finding structure of living things
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| dissection | cutting open plants and animals to examine their parts
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| Scientific Revolution | period of questioning accepted views of the world
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| heliocentric | sun centered
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| universal gravitation | action of gravity on all objects throughout the universe
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| scientific method | approach to understanding the world that involves observation and experimentation
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| Kepler | proved, using math, that the planets moved around the sun
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| Copernicus | the first to believe that the sun was the center of the universe
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| Galileo | used the telescope and open glass thermometer
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| Newton | said all physical objects were affected by gravity
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| Harvey | the first to study the circulation of the blood and to say that our hearts pump blood
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| Leeuwenhoek | built a microscope and was the first to observe bacteria
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| Fahrenheit | made the first mercury thermometer
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| Torricelli | invented the barometer
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| Bacon | came up with the theory of Scientific Method
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| Dias | Portuguese man to reach the Cape of Good Hope at the bottom of Africa
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| da Gama | First man (Portuguese) who went around the southern part of Africa and found a route to India
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| Where does Ms. Soster's daughter go to college? | Ohio State University
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| Magellan | First man (Spanish) whose crew circumnavigated the world
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| Pizarro | Spanish man who took over the Incas in Peru
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| Coronado | Spanish man who explored the southwest part of the U.S. looking for the Seven Cities of gold which he never found
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| Cortes | Spanish man who conquered the Aztec Indians in Mexico
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| Cabot | Italian navigator who explored for England, looking for NW Passage; He went up to Newfoundland.
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| Verrazzano | Italian man sent by the French to find the NW Passage; He explored the North American coast from the Carolinas to Canada.
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| Balboa | Spanish man who was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean
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| Ponce de Leon | Spanish man who explored Florida looking for the "fountain of youth"
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| de Soto | Spanish man who explored the Southern United States and Mississippi River
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| Champlain | French explorer who founded and named Quebec, Canada
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| Hudson | English man who worked for Dutch East India Company; A strait, a bay, and a river are named after him in the New York area.
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| La Salle | French man who explored Lake Ontario and Lake Erie and explored the length of the Mississippi River
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| Marquette | French priest and explorer who explored the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, and Mississippi River with Jolliet.
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| Jolliet | French explorer who explored the St. Lawrence River, the Great Lakes, and Mississippi River with Father Marquette
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| Drake | English explorer and pirate who stole gold from the Spanish and gave it to Queen Elisabeth I of England
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| Cabral | Portuguese explorer who claimed Brazil for Portugal
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| What was the Columbian Exchange? | movement of living things between hemispheres
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| What was the Triangle Trade? | trade between West Indies (silver, sugar cane), Europe (cheap manuf. goods), and Africa (slaves)
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| Name five good things that were exchanged between Europe and the Americas. | wheat, onions, grapes, sugar cane, oranges, domestic animals, corn, potatoes, pineapples, silver
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| Name two bad things that were exchanged between Europe and the Americas. | diseases, slaves
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| Name five European countries who began colonies in the Americas. | England, France, Spain, Portugal, Holland (Dutch)
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| Who were the two countries involved in the War of the Spanish Armada? | England and Spain
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| What was the cause of the War of the Spanish Armada? | English pirate, Drake, was robbing Spanish; England was Anglican/Spain was Catholic
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| Who was the leader of Spain during this time? Why didn't like England? | Philip II; They took his gold, they were protestant, and their queen wouldn't marry him.
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| Who was the leader of England during this time? | Elisabeth I
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| Who won the War of the Spanish Armada? Why? | England; They had lighter, swifter ships and a storm destroyed Spanish Armada.
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| Explain Mercantilism. | exclusive trade between another country and colonies; colony provided raw materials; mother country provided ________
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| Explain Capitalism. | private ownership/competition; private owners determine products made, how much made, and cost; cost is determined by supply and demand
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| Explain Socialism. | Main means of production are controlled or owned by the government; smaller businesses are owned by private citizens.
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| Communism. | Government owns and controls all economic production and distribution of a country.
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