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| Answer |
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| What was the Neolithic Revolution noted for? |
The development of agriculture |
| Describe the life of a Hunter-Gather. |
Nomadic-One on the move & not establishing a permanent settlement |
| What does it mean to be Nomadic? |
To live on the move & not establish a permanent settlement (following your food source) |
| What was the purpose of the Pyramids in ancient Egypt? |
They were tombs to hold kings (pharaohs) when they died-to honor them in their afterlife. |
| What were some of the accomplishments of the ancient Egyptians? |
Heiroglyphics (writing), papyrus (paper like), mummification, and the calendar. |
| Why did the Egyptians use the process of mummification? |
It was connected to their belief in the afterlife. |
| Where is the Fertile Cresent located? |
It stretches between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, starting at the Mediterranean Sea. |
| Where was Ancient Babylon? |
In Mesopotamia |
| What was Ancient Babylon Remembered for? |
The Code of Hammurabi. |
| Which river was the most predictable in its flood patterns? |
Nile River (Ancient Egypt) |
| What is Monotheism? |
Belief in one god |
| What is Polytheism? |
Belief in more than one god |
| What was the first religion to practice monotheism? |
Judaism (Hebrews) |
| What was the social class system called in India? |
Caste System |
| What is the Caste System in India based upon? |
Their religion (Hinduism) |
| What is the Caste Sytem? |
A ridgid social class system in India-people where born into their class and generally did not move (solid like a real cast) |
| What was Buddha's original name? |
Siddhartha Guatama |
| What does Budda mean? & what did he try to do? |
Enlightened one-he attempted to find enlightenment. |
| What did Buddah believe caused man's suffering? |
Man's desire and Greed |
| Both Buddism & Hinduism share in the belief of what? |
Reincarnation |
| What is Reincarnation? |
Belief that when you die your soul is reborn into another life form. |
| What did ancient Greece contribute to modern day Western Civilization? |
Democracy |
| What is Ancient Rome's contribution to Western Civilization? |
A System of written Laws & the idea of a 3 Branch Government. |
| Which ancient Greek city state developed Direct Democracy? |
Athens |
| What is direct democracy? |
Citizens vote directly on the laws. |
| Who was the Greek philosopher that wrote "The Republic"? |
Plato |
| What was the purpose of "The Republic" by Plato? |
It envisioned a perfectly governed society. |
| Who was the Greek philosopher that was condemned to death for corrupting the youth of Athens? |
Socrates |
| Why was Ancient Greece divided into several city states? |
Because of the Mountainous terrain. |
| What was the city state of Sparta most noted for? |
Its military discipline |
| What does the term Sparta imply when used today? |
discipline |
| What does the term "Golden Age" imply? |
When a culture or society experiences a time of advancement in learning and improvement in culture (advancements in Literature, Art, Science, etc.) |
| Who fought in the Peloponnesian War? |
Athens & Sparta |
| How long did the Peloponnesian war last & who won? |
27 years-Sparta won |
| Who was the great statesman of Athens that ruled during its "Golden Age"? |
Pericles |
| What Italian town was destroyed by a volcanoe with no survivors? |
Pompeii |
| What were Roman Architects and Engineers noted for? |
They developed the use of Arches, and built aquaducts, bridges and roads. |
| Ancient Greek arcitects are most noted for their development of the __?__ |
Column
(i.e.-Doric, Ionic, Corinthian) |
| Describe the Punic Wars: |
In the early days of the Roman Republic, Rome fought Carthage in 3 Punic Wars; Rome ultimately won. |
| What is "Pax Romana"? |
A 200 year period of peace & prosperity |
| Who was the first Roman Emperor to embrace Christianity? |
Constantine |
| What finally ended the Roman Empire? |
Attacks in the west by the Barbarians or Germanic tribes. |
| What is the holy city of Islam? |
Mecca |
| What does "Islam" mean in Arabic? |
"Submission to the will of god (Allah)" |
| What are the 5 Pillars of Islam? |
Code of rules to live by-a guide to proper moral behavior |
| List the 5 Pillars of Islam: |
1-Allah is God;Mohammed is prophet 2- Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca 3- Give Alms (charity) to the poor 4- Fast during Ramadan 5-Make a Hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca at least once in their life. |
| What does the term "Hajj" mean to a Muslim? |
A trip-Hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca at least once in their life. |
| What is the holy book of Islam called? |
Qur'an (Koran) |
| Who was Mohammed? |
The 1st true prophet for the Islamic religion (Allah spoke to him through Gabriel), he was also a businessman, military leader ans a political leader |
| What African king made a hajj to Mecca? |
Mansa Musa king of Mali (All M's-Mansa Musa, from Mali was Muslim and went to Mecca. |
| What does a belief in Animism imply? |
A belief that the spirits of nature are present in all living and nonliving objects. |
| How are Animism and Shinto similar? |
Both are very similar in that they worship the spirits found in nature |
| The Eightfold Path, The Four Noble Truths, and Nirvana are all associated with what religion? |
Buddhism |
| What do the teachings of Confucious encourage people to do? |
Follow a moral code of conduct with strict rules on relationships. |
| How are the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments similar? |
They both provide a guide to proper moral behavior. |
| What is Feudalism? |
A social, economic, and political system of the middle ages. |
| What is a "fief"? |
A grant of land- |
| What is a "serf"? (Middle Ages) |
A peasant that worked the land in return for protection from their Lord |
| What was a "tithe" ? (Middle Ages) |
A church Tax that was 10% of ones income |
| Describe Manorism from the Middle Ages? |
The midevil mannor was the lord's estate and was self-sufficiant. The Lord was responsible for his land and all the people who worked it (serfs) |
| What were the Crusades? |
Christian Holy wars against the Muslims over the city of Jerusalem. |
| Why were the Crusades considered "The Most Successful Failure in History"? |
They were not successful militarily, but they did bring the Middle Ages to an end by promoting Cultural Diffusion (East meets West) |
| In the 6th & 7th Centuries what were the major centers of learning in Europe? |
Monasteries |
| How long did the Middle Ages last-from what event to what event? |
From the fall of the Roman Empire (500 AD) to the beginning of the Renaissance (1500 AD) |
| The Renaissance was considered a time of "rebirth" in several areas-list a few: |
Art, Science, Literature, and Culture. |
| What was the importance of the Gutenberg printing press? |
For the first time books could be replicated easily and information could be spread quickly. |
| What language was Renaissance literature printed in? |
Vernacular (Spoken language of a paticular area |
| What did Renaissance art use in its form? |
"perspective" (3 dimensions) and "Realism" |
| What did "michelangelo" do? (Renaissance) |
Painted the "Sistine Chapel" and sculpted "David" and "Pieta" |
| What did Leonardo daVinci do? (Renaissance) |
Painted the "Mona Lisa' and "The Last Supper" |
| What was a "Renaissance Man"? |
A person talented in many areas such as Michelangelo and Leonardo |
| What did Michiavelli's book "The Prince" encourage rulers to do? |
Anything to keep control: "the end justifies the means". |
| Explain the Scientific Method: |
It states that one should: question, observe, hypothesize, experiment, and then conclude. |
| What was the Protestant Reformation? |
It Challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church with Martin Luther posting his 95 Theses |
| What was the one thing that Martin Luther felt very strongly about? |
The "selling of the indulgences" (selling a place in heaven), or churches other methods of raising money. |
| Where did the renaissance begin? |
In Italy |
| Where did the Protestant Reformation begin? |
In Germany |
| What was the "Divine Right Theory"? |
It gaves kings absolute power (power from god!) from the Age of Absolutism |
| Who is the best example of an absolute monarch? |
King Louis XIV or the "Sun King" of France |
| What did Peter the Great try to do for Russia? |
Make changes that would Modernize and Westernize Russia |
| Meji of Japan tried to accomplish what during the Meji Restoration? |
Make changes that would Modernize and Westernize Japan |
| Peter the Great of Russia and Meji of Japan both made changes to their countries that were similar how? |
Both made changes that would Modernize and Westernize their countries |
| List some causes of the French Revolution: |
The abuses of absolutism, overtaxing (the third estate or 98% of the population), the building of the Palace of Versailles, and the neglecting of the French people a voice in government. |
| Who led the "Reign of Terror"? |
Maximilien Robsperre |
| How was Maximiliean Robsperre forced from power? |
by his fellow revolutionaries |
| During the Reign of Terror what "Committe" was in control? |
The Committee of Public Safety |
| What most strongly influenced the Enlightenment? |
bourgeoisie |
| When did Napoleon rule France as dictator? (From what event to what event) |
From his coup d'etat to his downfall in 1815 at Waterloo |
| When and where did the Industrial Revolution begin? |
In England in 1750 |
| What changes where made during the Industrial Revolution? |
The domestic sytem (hand made items) was replaced with the factory system |
| Who is known as the father of Communism? |
Karl Marx (he supported proetariat) |
| List some important components of Capitalism: |
Competition, Profit Motive, and Free Enterprise |
| Are Monopolies usually beneficial to the consumer? |
No |
| What is an entrepreneur? |
A person who starts his own business |
| "The Great War" is also known as __?__ |
WWI |
| In the beginning of WWI how did the US react? |
President Wilson supported a policy of isolationism. The US didn't enter until 1917 (the war began in 1914) |
| What was the M.A.I.N cause of WWI & WWII? |
M=Militarism A=Alliances I=Imperialism N=Nationalism |
| What was the Treaty of Versailles? |
A treaty signed to end WWI-Germany was harshly punished for the war (many believe that the unfairness of this treaty lead to WWII) |
| What was the Immeadiate cause of WWI? |
The Assassination of the Archduke of Austria-Hungary by nationalist Gavrilo Princip of Serbia |
| Describe the "Cold War" that followed WWII? |
A standoff between "Super Powers" (US & Russia) each trying to influence other countries with their political and economic beliefs |
| Who were the Communists? |
Russia (Soviet Union) and its allies |
| Who were the Non-Communists? |
US and its allies (not all were democratic-but they were not communist) |
| What was the Holocaust? |
The mass extermination of 6 million Jews by the Nazi (Hitler Organization) otherwise known as The Final Solution or Genocide |
| What are Monsoons? |
Seasonal winds that affect India-they can bring needed rain for crops or mass flooding or not come and cause droughts |
| What were the Nuremberg Trialsand Tokyo Trials? |
Iternational trials for war crimes committed during WWII 1st time a nations leaders were held legally responsible for their wartime acts. |
| Briefly Describe Korean War: |
1950-1953 Independent S. Korea fought Communist N. Korea for control of Korea (US & Allies helped S. Korea) Ended in Stalemate Korea is still divided. |
| Briefly Describe the Cuban Missle Crisis: |
1962-Soviets were building nuclear missle bases in Cuba-US surrounded Cuba w/ ships to make a blockade-a standoff incured-eventually both sides made compromises & war was avoided. |
Biology Lab Midterm
