Anatomy
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| 1st structural levels of proteins | 1. primary structure- amino acids creating a polypeptide chain (beads)
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| 2nd structural levels of proteins | 2. secondary structure- when proteins twist or bend upon themselves -alpha helix = coils of a telephone cord -pleated sheets = held together by hydrogen bonds, different parts of the polypeptide chain fold back on themselves
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| 3rd structural level of proteins | tertiary- when the alpha helix or pleated sheets fold upon one another to form a compact globular molecule .maintained by hydrogen and covalent bonds
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| 4th structural level of proteins | quaternary- when two or more polypeptide chains combine to form a complex protein
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| Fibrous proteins | extended and strandlike .tertiary or quaternary structure .insoluable in water .mechanical support and tensile strength .also known as structural proteins .keratin and collagen
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| Globular Proteins | .compact spherical proteins .at least tertiary structure .water soluable, chemically active, play roles in biological processes .functional proteins .enzymes + antibodies
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| Protein Denaturation | .when proteins lose three dimmensional shape .globular proteins .broken hydrogen bonds through increased changes in ph or temperature
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| active sites | regions that fit and interact chemically with other molecules of similar shape and charge
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| Molecular Chaperones | .help proteins maintain three dimmensional structure .quick and accurate folding .heat shock proteins
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| Enzymes and Enzyme Activity | .enzymes= globular proteins that are biological catalyst
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Created by:
dsbauer.2011
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