| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
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| Weathering |
the process in which rocks are broken up by the action of water, the atmosphere, and organisms |
| Erosion |
the process by which earth materials are moved by natural agents like moving water, wind and ice |
| Deposition |
a collection of eroded material such as deposits of sand, dirt, or pebbles |
| Chemical Weathering |
the breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals are changed into different substances |
| Mechanical weathering |
disintegration that takes place when rock is broken into smaller pieces without changing its chemical composition |
| Abrasion |
the wearing away of rock by grinding action |
| gradient |
a change in elevation over distance |
| oxbow lake |
water remaining in an isolated meander in a flood plain |
| meander |
a wide curve in a stream channel |
| mouth |
the end of a river where it joins a lake or ocean |
| source |
the place from which something comes |
| bed |
the bottom of the river |
| banks |
the sides of the river |
| delta |
the fan shaped deposit of sediments at the mouth of a stream |
| waterfall |
a steep descent of water from a height |
| Back swamps |
swamps that form in the lowest areas of flood plains |
| plunge pool |
a deep pool created by a waterfall |
| stream load |
the sediments carried by a stream |
| rejuvenate |
to make a river younger |
| flood plain |
part of the valley floor that may be covered with water during a flood |
| Cut bank |
the outer curve of a meander |
| point bar |
the inside of a meander where deposition occurs |
| tributary |
a small stream of water that feeds a river |
| sand bar |
the long ridge of sand collected where water slows down |
| Velocity |
the speed and direction of water flow |
| terrace |
is a “staircase” carved out by water when a river is changing gradient. |
| sea cliff |
a cliff formed at a shoreline by wave erosion undercutting rock followed by a collapse. |
| sea cave |
an opening in a sea cliff due to erosion |
| sea arch |
a sea cave that has been eroded all the way through, so there is an entrance and an exit. |
| sea stack |
a sea arch that has collapsed in the middle |
| bay |
a small gulf |
| longshore current |
a current that runs parallel to the beach and moves sand down the beach |
| Swash |
the motion of water pushed up a beach by breaking waves |
| Backwash |
is a gentle current of water that runs down a beach slope under an upcoming wave |
| sandbar |
a long ridge of sand collected where water slows down |
| Spit |
a line of sand that is attached to land |
| sea wall |
a wall or embankment to protect the shore from erosion or to act as a break water |
| Riprap rock |
rocks put in a sea cave to slow the erosion of sea cliffs |
| jetty |
a wall that causes a buildup of sand due to a longshore current |
| Fetch |
an area of open ocean that a wave travels across |
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