organic nomenclature
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| The general formula for alkanes | CnH2n+2 | ||||
| Branched alkanes have____ boiling points, melting point and density than straight chain alkanes | lower | ||||
| How to name a branched alkane | 1. longest backbone. 2.#chain.3. name substituents.4.alphabetize | ||||
| where do you start numbering in a cycloalkane | the point of greatest substition | ||||
| the general formula of alkene | CnH2n | ||||
| naming alkene | 1.longest backbone with = bond. | ||||
| whats monosubstituted ethylenes | Vinyl | ||||
| whats monosubstituted propylenes | Allyl | ||||
| the general formula for alkynes | CnH2n-2 | ||||
| naming alcohol | longest alkane grp then C-OH should get lowest number possible | ||||
| two OH in a chain | diol | ||||
| two OH on adjacent C atoms | Vicinal | ||||
| two OH on the same C atom | Geminal | ||||
| general formula of ether | R-O-R | ||||
| naming ether | either 1. the larger alkyl grp is backbone and the smaller alkyl grp (prefix) ends with alkoxy or 2. alphabetized and end with ether | ||||
| general formula for aldehyde | O || R-C-H | ||||
| naming aldehyde | C-1 is the aldehyde grp. suffix "al" | ||||
| general formula for ketone | O || R-C-R | ||||
| naming ketone | Carbonyl lowest number | ||||
| general formula for carboxylic acid | O || R-C-OH | ||||
| naming carboxylic acid | C-1 is the carboxylic acid. suffix "oic acid" | ||||
| general formula for Amine | R-NH2 | ||||
| R-C-R \R | t-butyl | ||||
| R-CH2-CH \CH3 | sec butyl | ||||
| R-CH-CH2 \CH3 | isobutyl | ||||
| R-CH-CH3 | isopropyl | ||||
| when naming we dont alphabetize sec and tert but we alphabetize | "iso" |
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Created by:
smuttz
on 2011-10-04