| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
|
| Characteristics of Acids |
Sour |
| Characteristics of Bases |
Bitter; Slippery |
| Arrhenius Acid/Base |
acids produce hydrogen ions in aqueous solution while bases produce hydroxide ions |
| Bronsted-Lowry Acid/Base Model |
Acids are protons (H+) donors and bases are proton acceptors |
| Lewis Acid/Base Mordel |
Acids are electron pair acceptors while bases are electron pair donors |
| Hyrdronium Ion |
H30+; can be used interchangably with H+. |
| Conjugate Acid |
Base + Proton (H+) |
| Conjugate Base |
everything that remains of an acid molecule after proton is lost. (HCl -> Cl-; HC2H3O2->C2H3O2-) |
| Acid Dissociation Constant |
A stupid name that Jones could use to throw us off and make us miss unnecessary points because we didnt read her notes. It's a fancy name for Ka |
| Conj. Base of Weak Acid |
strong conj. base. much stronger than water. |
| Conj. base of Strong Acid |
weak weak weak conjugate base. |
| Amphoteric Substance |
Substance that can act as an acid or as a base (H20, Fe(OH)3) |
| Ion product constant of water |
See Dissociateion constant of and acid. its just another name for a Kw; always 1E-14 at 25 degrees C |
| At 25 degrees [H+][OH-] |
ALWAYS EQUALS 1E-14. |
| Finding pH from [H+] |
-log[H+] |
| Finding [H+] from pH |
10^(-pH); antilog(-pH) |
| pH of a polyprotic acid |
if you are finding the pH ONLY, then you only have to do the first dissociation. the others are negligibly small |
| finding the K value for a reverse equasion |
K^-1; 1/K |
| MetallicOxide (like CaO) dissolved in water |
Metallic Hyrdoxide (like Ca(OH)2) |
| Non-metallicOxides (like CO2) dissolved in water |
Weak Acid! (like H2CO3) |
| Strong Acids new from last year (excludes HNO3, HCl, H2SO4) |
HClO4; HI; HBr; H2CrO4; HMnO4 |
| Oxyacid |
acidic proton connected to O (HOCl) and the more Os, the more acidic |
| Organic Acids |
have carboxyl groups. (COOH) |
| Salts of Highly Charged Metals |
Produce acidic solutions; AlCl3 + 6H2O -> Al(H2O)6(3+) + 3Cl-; which then causes the rare instance of a H+ breaking off in Al(H20)6(3+) -> Al(H20)5(OH)(2+) + H+ |
Ch.18 LTI-MA 509
