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CHCS Life Science Chapter 3

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Answer
organism   a complete living thing  
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cell   the smallest living thing; a tiny unit of living material surrounded by a thin membrane  
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unicellular organisms   tiny organisms made of only one cell  
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multicellular organisms   made of more than one cell  
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tissue   a group of similar cells working together  
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colonial organisms   made of many cells that usually live together but could live by themselves  
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energy   the ability to do work  
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physical life   a complex organization of nonliving substances that is kept alive by using energy and has the characteristics of living things  
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characteristics of living things   movement, reproduce, sensitive to their environment, nutrition, excrete, respire, grow  
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the discovery of the cell   1665, English scientist, Robert Hooke  
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The Cell Theory   1) All cells come from preexisting cells 2) All living things are made of cells and the products of cells 3) The functions of living things are carried on by cells  
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Four basic functions of cells   use energy, respond to the environment, reproduce, manufacture materials  
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molecules   structures that make up cells; they are not alive  
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Four categories of molecules   carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), nucleic acids  
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carbohydrates   made of only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms  
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proteins   are involved in almost everything that happens in a living cell; made of amino acids  
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nucleic acids   contain all the instructions that living cells need to make proteins and maintain life; example DNA  
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lipids   AKA fats; used for energy storage and making cell membranes  
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