13-1
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| What ages does precocious puberty occur in males and females? | precocious puberty is defined as <9yo in males, <8yo in females
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| difference btwn true and pseudo-precocious puberty in females | true: early activation of pituitary, etc (raised GnRH, FSH, LH). pseudo: autonomous secretion of sex hormones peripherally
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| MCC of precocious puberty in males v females | males: adrenal hyperplasia. females: true (pituitary axis activation)
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| LH/FSH raised in precocious puberty implies... | central (true) precocious puberty
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| low LH/FSH in precocious puberty implies.... | pseudo-precocious (i.e. peripheral sex hormone release)
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| Rx of true vs psuedo-precocious puberty? | true= GnRH steady stream (induce menopause). pseudo= surgical removal of source [no treatment if near puberty]
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| CAH treatment | cortisol replacement
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| Fixed phase of menstrual cycle? | luteal (2nd half...14days)
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| mid-cycle pain (not at time of menstruation...rather, about 2 weeks after) | Middlesmurtz...normal peritoneal irritation
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| ovarian estrogen is called? placental? | estradiol. placental=
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| hCG is secreted by what structure after implantation? What is it's purpose? | from endometrium...purpose is to simulate LH, therefore maintaining corpus luteum..which secretes progesterone
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| Corpus luteum secretes what hormone? When does it stop | progesterone (under stimulation of hCG from endometrium)....after 8-12 weeks it stops and placenta takes over
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| paradoxical cardiac affect of HRT in menopause? | it improves lipids, but still causes increased cardiac and stroke risk
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| menopause stress incontinence treatment? | kegels + estrogen cream
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| Rx of hot flashes in menopause? | SNRIs, clonidine (a2 agonist), GABAs. NO ESTROGENS IF BREAST CA RISK
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| OCP affect on endometrial ca risk vs ovarian ca risk? | endometrial risk goes UP (due to increased estrogen). Ovaran ca risk goes down (due to no ovulation)
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| OCP is c/i in what patients | smokers >35yo, DUB, migraine, liver dz, HTN, DVT history
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| best contraceptive during breast feeding? | progestin only. Must take at same time everyday
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| What is the 3m injection you use in mentally retarded pt's who need contraception | medroxyprogesterone injxn
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| Emergency contraception options? | OCP x5, levoprogestrol (progestin) up to 120h after, copper IUD, Mifepristone (RU-486)
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| What has a higher DVT risk than OCP? | the Patch
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