Turley - Ophthalmology
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| lacrim/o- | tears
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| blephar/o- | eyelid
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| opt/o- | eye
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| orbit | bony eye socket
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| caruncle | red, triangular tissue at the medial corner of the eye where the eyelids meet
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| iris | colored pat of the eye surrounding the pupil
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| sclera | tough, fibrous connective tissue that forms a continuous outer layer around the eye (white and opaque)(doesn't cover front of eye)
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| conjunctiva | delicate, transparent mucous membrane the covers the insides of the eyelids and anterior surface of the eye
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| choroid | a spongy membrane of blood vessels that is part of the internal structure of the ey
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| ciliary body | extension of the choroid that attaches to suspensory ligaments that hold the lens in place behind the iris
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| miosis | process which contracts the muscles of the iris to contract and decrease the diameter of the pupil
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| cornea | a transparent layer across the anterior of the eye (similar to sclera but clear)
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| lens | clear, flexible disc behind the pupil. It changes shapes to allow for focusing on nearer or farther objects
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| aqueous humor | clear fluid that is produced continuously by the ciliary body which carries nutrients and oxygen ot the cornea and lens.
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| anterior chamber | a small space between the cornea and iris, filled with aqueous humor
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| posterior chamber | a narrow space posterior to the iris, filled with aqueous humor
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| posterior cavity | largest space in the eye,lies between behind the lens and the back of the eye, filled with vitreous humor
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| retina | thin layer of tissue that lines the curved wall of the posterior cavity (also fundus)fovea
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| optic disk | where the optic nerve enters the eye (blind spot)
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| macula | dark yellow orange area
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| fovea | a small depression in the center of the macula
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| rods | eye cells sensitive in all levels of light detecting only black and white
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| cones | sensitive only to color and require higher light levels than the rods
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| optic chiasm | where the right and left optic nerve cross and merge allowing for stereoscopic vision
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| uvea | collective term for the iris, choroid and ciliary body
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| conjunctivitis | inflamed, reddended and swollen conjunctiva with dilated blood vessels in the sclera
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| blepharoptosis | drooping of the upper eyelid
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| hordeolum | stye;red painful swelling or a pimple containing pus on the eyelid
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| dacry/o- | lacrimal sac; tears
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| xerophthalmia | insufficient production of tears
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| cataract | clouding of the lens
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| corneal abrasion | damage to the most superficial layer of the cornea due to trauma or repetitive irritation
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| anisocoria | unequal size of pupils
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| glaucoma | increased intra-ocular pressure because the aqueous humor cannot circulate freely
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| photophobia | abnormal sensitivy to light
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| presbyopia | loss of flexibility of the eye with blurry near vision and loss of accomodation, due to againg
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| aphakia | lens of the eye has been surgically removed
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| diabetic retinopathy | chronic progressive condition of the retina in which new, fragile blood vessels form in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
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| macular degeneration | chronic progressive loss of central vision as the macula degenerates
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| retinal detachment | separation of the retina from the choroid layer (from trauma, or gradually with aging)
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| nystagmus | involuntary rhythmic motion of the eye
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| strabismus | deviation of one or both eyes medially or laterally
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| esotropia | strabismus with medial deviation
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| exotropia | strabismus with lateral deviation
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| hyperopia | far-sightedness
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| astigmatism | surface of the cornea is curved more steeply in one area, causing no single point of focus
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| myopia | near-sightedness
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| -opia | condition of vision
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| amblyopia | lazy eye(the brain ignores the visual image from an eye with strabismus or unfocused or cloudy vision)
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| diplopia | double vision
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| tonometry | test to detect intraocular pressure
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| ton/o- | pressure
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