NWHSU Embryology Respiratory Development
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| Another name for the ventral endodermal envagination that forms the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. | laryngotracheal groove
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| What gives rise to the epithelium and glands of the trachea. | Endodermal lining
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| True or false? Paranasal sinuses are formed when bones are excavated. | True
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| True or false? Surfactant is produced at seven months of fetal development. | True
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| What is a lack of surfactant production called? | hyaline membrane disease
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| True or false? By the time the lung reaches adult maturity, a total of 17 generations of subdivisions form the bronchial tree. | False 23 subdivisions (17 prenatally, 6 postnatally)
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| True or false? Ectopic lung lobes arise from the trachea or esophagus? | True (Langman's p207)
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| True or false? At birth, the tracheal bifurcation lies at T4. | True
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| True or false? Only about 1/6th of the adult alveoli are present at birth. | True
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| True or false? The laryngotracheal groove develops from the pharyngeal floor of the foregut during the 4th week of development. | True
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| True or false? Endoderm gives rise to the epithelium, not the connective tissue fo the larynx, bronchi, and lungs. | True
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| True or false? In a tracheoesophageal fistula, there is usually an additional fibrous cord attached to the larynx. | False (Langman's p202)
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| True or false? The oronasal membrane lies just behind the secondary palate. | False (primary palate)
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| True or false? The primitive choanae are located behind the primary palate. | True
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| What forms the CT, cartilage, smooth muscle, and vessels of the respiratory system? | splanchnic mesenchyme
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| Where does the tracheal bifurcation go postnatally? | T4-T5
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| The laryngotracheal diverticulum maintains connection with the pharynx through what? | laryngeal orifice
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| What are congenital cysts of the lung and how do they form? | Cystic structure of the lung with poor drainage and cause chronic infection. They are formed by dilation of terminal or larger bronchi.
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| How do tracheoesophageal fistulas form? | They are the results of either spontaneous posterior deviation of the tracheoesophageal septum or from some mechanical factor pushing the dorsal wall of the foregut anteriorly.
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| Within the primitive pleural cavities, what forms the visceral pleura? | Splanchnic mesoderm
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| Within the primitive pleural cavities, what forms the parietal pleura? | Somatic mesoderm
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| Lung buds and bronchi grow laterally from the laryngotracheal diverticulum and penetrate the _____. | Pericardioperitoneal canals
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