Turley- Orthopedics - Muscular System
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| voluntary | done of one's own free will
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| muscul/o- | muscle
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| tendon | attaches bones to muscles
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| bursa | thin sac of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid (reduces friction where tendons rub on bones)
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| fascia | a thin connective tissue that wraps a muscle and joins with the tendon
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| origin | beginning of a muscle where its tendon is attached to a stationary or nearly stationary bone
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| insertion | ending of a muscle where its tendon is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts
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| extension | straightening and extending a joint
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| flexion | bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or two body parts
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| fascia | a thin connective tissue that wraps a muscle and joins with the tendon
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| origin | beginning of a muscle where its tendon is attached to a stationary or nearly stationary bone
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| insertion | ending of a muscle where its tendon is attached to the bone that moves when the muscle contracts
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| extension | straightening and extending a joint
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| flexion | bending a joint to decrease the angle between two bones or two body parts
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| abduction | moving a body part away from the midline
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| adduction | moving a body part toward the midline of the body
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| rotation | moving a body part around its axis
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| supination | turning the palm of the hand anteriorly or upward
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| pronation | turning the palm of the hand posteriorly or downward
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| eversion | turning a body part outward and toward the side
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| inversion | turing a body part inward
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| inter- | between
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| costal | pertaining to the rib
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| thenar | pertaining to the thumb
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| -trophy | process of development
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| hyper- | above; more than normal
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| hypertrophy | greater than normal development (increase in size)
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| neurotransmitter | chemical messenger between a nerve cell and a muscle fiber
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| atrophy | loss of (muscle) bulk (muscle wasting)
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| avulsion | condition in which muscle tears away from the tendon or the tendon tears away from the bone
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| contracture | when an arm or leg becomes progressively flexed due to inactivity or paralysis
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| torticollis | twisted position/condition of the neck
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| compartment syndrome | result of severe blunt or crushing injury that causes bleeding into a muscle fascia which can cause muscle and nerve damage and tissue death
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| muscular dystrophy | an inherited genetic disease which causes progressive muscular weakness and atrophy
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| -algia | pain
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| my/o- | muscle
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| myalgia | muscle pain
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| -ptosis | drooping
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| myositis | inflammation of a muscle
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| myopathy | disease of muscle
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| ataxia | incoordination of the muscles during movement,
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| tremor | small, involuntary, jerky, back and forth movements of the hands, neck, jaw, or extremities
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| fasciitis | inflammation of the faxcia around a muscle
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| ganglion | semisolid or fluid filled cyst that develops on a tendon, often on the wrist, hand or foot
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