ASlevel AQA specification
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| Diffusion | The Passive movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
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| Osmosis | The movement of water molecules from an area of higher water molecules to an are of lower concentraiton of water molecules through as partially-permable membrane
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| Hypotonic | \solutions have a higher concentration of water molecules compared to the inside of the cell. Causes the Cell to Swell.
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| Isotonic | Solutions have the same concentrations of water molecules, so the rate at which water molecules diffuse into and out of the cell is the same.
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| Hypertonic | Solutions have lower concentration of water molecules compared to the inside of a cell so there is a net movement of water molecules out of the cell. Animal Cells: Shrivel up ; Plant Cells : Become Plasmolised
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| Facilitated Diffusion | Movement of water-soluble molecules through specific intrinsic carrier protein molecules or channel protein molecules in the cell sruface membrance. REQUIRES NO ENERGY
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| Active Transport | The movement of ions and molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient. REQUIRES ENERGY
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