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Radiation Protection

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Question
Answer
Bremssthralung   An e- undergoes rapid deceleration and deflection as it nears the vicinity of an atoms nucleus.  
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Characteristic Radiation   Outer orbital electron or free electrons fill in inner orbital shell vacancy  
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Filtration   Process by which low energy photons are absorbed. *Hardening the Beam and decrease skin dose  
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Photon Energy   Energy of e- in tube expressed as voltage applied to x-ray tube  
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Attenuation   The reduction in the number of primary photons in the x-ray beam through absorption and scatter.  
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Half Value Layer (HVL)   This is that amount of absorber that, if place in the path of the beam, will reduce the initial intensity by half, if measured at the same DISTANCE FROM THE SOURCE  
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Lambert Beer Law   If = Ii e^ -μx  
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Exit (Image formation) Photons   Photons emerging from medium and strike radiographic image receptor  
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Coherent Scatter   Atom/electrons react to electromagnetic waves: absorbs energy, which “excites” atom  
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Photoelectric Effect is a relationship of   As Z increases, PE interaction Increase’s due to Z^3/ E^3 * If we ↓ Energy of incident photon and ↑ Z, the probability of PE interaction ↑  
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Compton Interaction   Photon energy is transferred to a “Free” or “Loosely Bound” outer orbital electron  
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Pair Production   *They have on charge and no mass *Energy needed is 1.02Kev ↑  
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Photodisintegration   Need energy of 7-10 MeV  
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Coherent Scattering is sometimes called?   Classical, elastic, & unmodified scatttering  
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Coherent Scattering typically happen at what energies?   Low energy photons less than 30keV  
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Compton Scattering is also known as?   Incoherent, inelastic, & modified scattering.  
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Fluorescent Yield   Refers to the number of characteristic x-rays emitted per inner shell vacancy.  
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What is the effective atomic number for bone, soft tissue,& air?   *Bone 13.8 Zeff *Soft tissue 7.4 Zeff *Air 7.6 Zeff  
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Radiographic density   The degree of overall blacking on the finished radiograph  
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