Env. Science Energy Resources Vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Fossil Fuel | Fuel consisting of the remains of organisms preserved in rocks in the earth's crust with high carbon and hydrogen content
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Coal | A carbonaceous rock formed from buried plants in ancient forests or swamps
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Peat | Partially carbonized vegetable matter saturated with water; can be used as a fuel when dried
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Brown Coal | Lignite; The first type of coal formed and has the least amount of energy
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Sub-bituminous Coal and Bituminous Coal | Dark black coal that are most important for energy production for direct heating and electricty
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Anthracite Coal | Dark gray; have a high energy content
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Petroleum | A dark oil consisting mainly of hydrocarbons
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Maturation | The burial and chemical transformation process that leads to formation of petroleum
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Strip Mining | The mining of ore or coal from an open mine
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Acid Mine Drainage | Any pollutional discharge emanating from a mining operation
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Energy Efficiency | The amount of energy consumed per unit of productive output
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Synfuels | Hydrocarbon resources other than oil, natural gas, and coal; also called unconventional hydrocarbons.
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Tar Sands | Deposits of dense, thick, asphaltlike oil that cannot be pumped easily
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Kerogen | Wax like compound that may be formed if organic material is buried; also called oil shales
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Gas Hydrates | Deposits of methane that are frozen into ice in permafrost and in seafloor sediments
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Fluidized Bed Combustion | Coal is burned more efficiently at a lower temperature than in a conventional power plant.
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Coal liquification | Turning solid coal into liquid fuel similar to oil
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Green Power | Electricity that is generated by a nonpolluting technology
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Fission | Inducing a heavy atom to split into lighter atoms
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Nuclear Reactor | A device in which nuclear chain reactions are initiated, controlled, and sustained at a steady rate
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Fuel Rods | A long, slender tube that holds the fuel pellets
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Nuclear Waste | Highly radioactive by-products of nuclear fission
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Half-life | The amount of time it takes for the level of radioactivity in a material to be decayed by half.
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Fusion | Two atomic nuclei come together to produce energy
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Passive Solar Heating | Direct solar energy used for applications such as home and water heating
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Active Solar Heating | Solar energy is collected, usually by solar panels on a rooftop, and the heat is stored and distributed by fans or pumps.
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Photovoltaic Cells | Thin wafers or films that are treated chemically so they absorb solar energy, emitting a stream of electrons in response.
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Electrolysis | Splitting water into its component parts
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Fuel Cells | An electrochemical energy conversion device that produces electricity from external supplies of fuel.
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Anode | The negatively charged pole of a fuel cell
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Cathode | The positively charged pole of a fuel cell
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Wind turbines | A machine that captures the energy of the wind and transfers the motion to a generator shaft
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Wind Farm | A group of wind turbines in the same location used for production of electric power
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Biomass Energy | Energy derived from Earth's plant life
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Biogas | Methane gas released from animal waste that is used for energy
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Ethanol | A form of alcohol made from fermented sugars found in corn and other crops that is added to conventional gasoline
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Biodiesel | A form of fuel that is made from vegetable oil
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Hydroelectric Power | Energy generated from a stream of water flowing downhill...gravitational energy.
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