CDI Thunder Bay - Anatomy Quiz 2 Review, Dec.5, Dr. Alex
Help!
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| Name 3 Types of Mm and are they volentary or involentary? | cardio involentary, smooth involentary, skeletal volentary
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| How are muscles named + example (7pts) | 1.location - temporal
2. shape - deltoid
3.relative size - longus
4.direction - rectus
5. number - quad
6.location of attachment-sternocleidomastoid (origin is always first)
7. action - Flexor
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| prime mover | the m. that provides the major force for producing a specific movement
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| antagonist | Mm that oppose or reverses a particular movement
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| fixator | when a synergist immobilise a bone or a muscle's orgin
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| circular fascicle arrangement (FA) | concentric rings surrounding external body opening - orbicularis oris
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| convergent FA | converge toward a signle tendon, usually fan or trianular shaped - pecotralis major
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| parallel FA | fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, strap like in shape- sartorious
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| fusiform FA | fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, but also have a belly - biseps brachii
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| unipennate + example | insert into only one side of the tendon - extensor digitorum longus
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| bipennate + example | insert in the the tendon from opposite sides, so that the muscle "grain" resembles a feather-
rectus femoris
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| multipennate + example | looks like many feathers side by side - deltoid
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| Tonic | constant state of contraction
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| Flaccid (what is the oposite of) | Tonic (what is the opposits of )
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| 3 prefixes for Mm | myo, mys, sarco (meaning: flesh)
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| Skeletal m. moves what | bones and facial skin
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| muscle function (4 pts) | movement, maintains posture, produces heat, stabilzing joints
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| in order layers of Mm connective tissue | epimyosium, perimyosium, endomyosium
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| fascicles | bundles of muscle fibre
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| muscle insertion | moves the moveable bone towards the less move able bone (foreare to sholder)
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| muscle origin | attachment site on the less moveable bone
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| actin | protein of thin filiment in muscle fibre
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| myocin | protein of thick filiment in muscle fibre
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| sliding filiment theory | overlapping muscle fibers of thick and thin filaments of fixed length slide past each other in an energy requiring process, resulting in muscle contraction
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| motor unit | A motor neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates.
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| Levels of organization in the Nervous System | A)(NS) Nervous System
B)CNS-Central Nervous System/PNS-Peripheral NS C)Sensory(Afferent)/ Motor (Efferent) D)Autonomic(invol.cardiac,smooth M. & glands)/Somatic (vol.skel.M.)
E){of autonomic) Sympathitic /Parasympathic (rest and digest)
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| Name the 2 catagories of contractions of M. | isotonic and isometric
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| 2 types of isometric contractions | concentric and eccentric contractions
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| isotonic contractions | M. length changes, decreasing the angle at the joint, moving load.
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| isometric contraction | M. is put to its peek tention, but does not lengthen or shorten. Think of trying to move a piano with one hand
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| Concentric contraction | M shortens and does work-picking up a book
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| Eccentric contractons | generates forse as it lengthens- calf M. while walking up hill
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