| Question |
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| Answer |
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| Name 3 Types of Mm and are they volentary or involentary? |
cardio involentary, smooth involentary, skeletal volentary |
| How are muscles named + example (7pts) |
1.location - temporal
2. shape - deltoid
3.relative size - longus
4.direction - rectus
5. number - quad
6.location of attachment-sternocleidomastoid (origin is always first)
7. action - Flexor |
| prime mover |
the m. that provides the major force for producing a specific movement |
| antagonist |
Mm that oppose or reverses a particular movement |
| fixator |
when a synergist immobilise a bone or a muscle's orgin |
| circular fascicle arrangement (FA) |
concentric rings surrounding external body opening - orbicularis oris |
| convergent FA |
converge toward a signle tendon, usually fan or trianular shaped - pecotralis major |
| parallel FA |
fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, strap like in shape- sartorious |
| fusiform FA |
fascicles run parallel to the long axis of the muscle, but also have a belly - biseps brachii |
| unipennate + example |
insert into only one side of the tendon - extensor digitorum longus |
| bipennate + example |
insert in the the tendon from opposite sides, so that the muscle "grain" resembles a feather-
rectus femoris |
| multipennate + example |
looks like many feathers side by side - deltoid |
| Tonic |
constant state of contraction |
| Flaccid (what is the oposite of) |
Tonic (what is the opposits of ) |
| 3 prefixes for Mm |
myo, mys, sarco (meaning: flesh) |
| Skeletal m. moves what |
bones and facial skin |
| muscle function (4 pts) |
movement, maintains posture, produces heat, stabilzing joints |
| in order layers of Mm connective tissue |
epimyosium, perimyosium, endomyosium |
| fascicles |
bundles of muscle fibre |
| muscle insertion |
moves the moveable bone towards the less move able bone (foreare to sholder) |
| muscle origin |
attachment site on the less moveable bone |
| actin |
protein of thin filiment in muscle fibre |
| myocin |
protein of thick filiment in muscle fibre |
| sliding filiment theory |
overlapping muscle fibers of thick and thin filaments of fixed length slide past each other in an energy requiring process, resulting in muscle contraction |
| motor unit |
A motor neuron and all the muscle cells it stimulates. |
| Levels of organization in the Nervous System |
A)(NS) Nervous System
B)CNS-Central Nervous System/PNS-Peripheral NS C)Sensory(Afferent)/ Motor (Efferent) D)Autonomic(invol.cardiac,smooth M. & glands)/Somatic (vol.skel.M.)
E){of autonomic) Sympathitic /Parasympathic (rest and digest) |
| Name the 2 catagories of contractions of M. |
isotonic and isometric |
| 2 types of isometric contractions |
concentric and eccentric contractions |
| isotonic contractions |
M. length changes, decreasing the angle at the joint, moving load. |
| isometric contraction |
M. is put to its peek tention, but does not lengthen or shorten. Think of trying to move a piano with one hand |
| Concentric contraction |
M shortens and does work-picking up a book |
| Eccentric contractons |
generates forse as it lengthens- calf M. while walking up hill |
Spanish 3
