| Question |
 |
|
| Answer |
|
|
| Phospholipid Bilayer |
Plasma membrane |
| Nucleus |
contains genetic material |
| Separates cell from xtra cellular fluid |
Cell membrane |
| Cytoplasm |
intracellular fluid that contains all other structures of the cell |
| Cytosol |
fluid part of cytosol |
| Organelles |
All mechanical structures of the cell outside the nucleus |
| Integral Proteins |
connect the external and internal cell environment, allows materials to pass through the membrane that are too large to fit or are not lipid soluble |
| Periferal membrane |
loosly bound to outside of memrane, functions as part of a group of proteins that make up a cytoskeleton |
| glycolipids & glycoproteins |
Membrane carbs that hold cells together to form tissues |
| Nucleus |
directs cell activity, contains genetic information |
| Do red blood cells have a nucleus |
NO |
| How many nucleii do skeletal muscles have? |
more than 1 |
| Nucleolus |
involved in cell division, involved in production of & maturation of ribosomes |
| rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Comes directly off the nucleus, studded with ribosomes |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
No ribosome attachment, lipid production, holds calcium in skeletal muscle tissue |
| Golgi Apparatus |
The UPS of the cell, off of the ER, preps and packages proteins and lipids to send to other parts of the cell |
| Vesicles |
membranous sacs that move materials through the cell |
| Lysosomes |
The Euthanizers of the cell, contain powerful digestive enzymes, help to degrade intracellular debris, breakdown and dispose of organelles that are no longer working |
| Peroxisomes |
Mainly found in Liver, metabolize alcohol |
| Ribosomes |
Protein synthesis, some float free and others are attached to the Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Vaults |
Barrel shaped, transports molecules |
| Centrioles |
Bundles of protein filaments perpendicular to one another, must be present for cell division |
| Cytoskeleton |
gives the cell it's shape, flexible lattice of fibrous proteins |
| Phagocytosis |
pulling things into the cell to be ingested |
| Tight junction |
cells are fused together to form a virtually impermiable barrier, materials have to pass through the cells not around them, found in epithelial tissue, creates a barrier, GI Tract, Kidney tubules, stomach, skin |
| Desmosomes |
commonly found in tissues that recieve alot of stress, Heart, uterus & skin |
| Gap Junction |
Bi-directional junction that allows the cells to function as a unit, found in smooth muscle and heart muscle, only one cell needs to be stimulated which will inturn stimulate other cells in the junction |
| Metabolism |
All chemical functions that occur in the body |
| Catabolism |
break down of large molecules into smaller ones which releases energy |
| Anabolism |
build up of small molecules into larger ones, bone growth |
| Things that determine what gets thru a cell |
Lipid soluble, size of molecule, charge of ion, presence of integral protein |
| Transcription |
1st phase of protein synthesis |
| DNA |
genetic info of the cell, determines what proteins will be made by the cell, cannot exit the nucleus |
| mRNA |
single strand, transcribes data from DNA, exits nucleus & into the cytosol |
| Translation |
2nd phase of protein synthesis, occurs in cytosol |
| tRNA |
gathers appropriate amino acids to line up correctly per DNA |
| rRNA |
makes ribosomes, translates info on the mRNA, combines the amino acids and puts them in the correct order |
| Somatic cell division |
increase # of body cells, replace cells that have been destroyed or damaged |
| Mitosis |
nucleur cell division in somatic cell division |
| Reproductive cell division |
union of two cells to create a single cell - zygote |
| meiosis |
nucleus cell division in reproduction |
| Cytokenisis |
division of the rest of the cell (not nucleus) |
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