| Question |
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| Answer |
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| passive transport |
when substances cross the membrane without the use of energy |
| diffusion |
movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| concentration gradient |
the difference in amounts of substances on either side of a membrane-usually one side has more than the other |
| equilibrium |
When the concentration of substances are equal on both sides of a membrane |
| plasmolysis |
lack of water in a plant. It wilts |
| cytolysis |
the bursting of red blood cells when placed in a hyotonic solution |
| facilitated diffusion |
aided by special proteins imbedded in the membrane molecules cross without energy |
| carrier protein |
in the membrane, this helps molecules travel across the membrane without using energy |
| ion channel |
small passageways in the membrane that allow Na+ or Cl- to pass through |
| osmosis |
when water moves from one side of a membrane to another-moving from higher to lower concentration |
| hypotonic |
when the solution outside a cell is less concentrated than inside the cell |
| hypertonic |
when the solution outside a cell is more concentrated than inside the cell |
| isotonic |
when a solution outside a cell is the same concentration as inside the cell |
| contractile vacuole |
organelle that removes water for some organisms like paramecium |
| turgor pressure |
the pressure that water exerts on the cell walls and central vacuoles of plants. |
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