Reproductive System
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| meiosis-cell division result in | gametes
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| when sperm and an egg join together they become | a zygote (a fertilized egg)
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| sperm are produced in the | testes
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| sperm transports through | epididymus, ductus defereus, ejaculatory duct, and urethra
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| testes- paired organs in the sac called | scrutum
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| testes develop near the | kidneys
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| cryptorchidism | undescended testes
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| containes several seminiferous tubules | lobe
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| sustentacular cells stimulated by testosterone to produce | inhibin
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| (LH) hormone to produce | testosterone
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| 20 foot long coiled tubes | epididymis
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| smooth muscle move sperm into | ductus deferens
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| vas deferens | ductus deferens
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| connective tissue sheath | spermatic cord
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| common place for hernia | inguinal canal
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| seminal vesicles | paired organs posterior to bladder
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| energy source from sperm | fructose
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| alkaline liquid | neutralizes acidity of vagina
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| paired ducts that receive contents of seminal vesicles and ductus deferens | ejaculatory duct
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| prostate gland | muscular gland inferior to bladder surrounding prostatic urethra
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| walnut size | prostate gland
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| Cowpers gland | Bulbourethral
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| contains urethra | penis
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| glans penis | the head
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| prepuce | foreskin
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| surgical removal of foreskin | circumcision
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| 3 cavities of cavernous tissue | erectile tissue
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| process of producing sperm | spermatogenesis
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| seminiferous tubules contain stem cells called | spermatogonia
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| spermatogonia undergo ___________ to result in 2 diploid cells-one remains a ____________ | mitosis, stem cell
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| FSH | follicle stimulating hormone
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| intiates sperm production | FSH
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| lueinizing hormone | stimulates testosterone production in the testes
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| 10-14 years old this begins | puberty
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| 23 | chromosomes
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| flagellum | provides motility
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| sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral glands | sperm
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| male reproductive system | consists of the testes and a series of ducts and glands
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| female reproductive system | paired ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia
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| follicles | 3 stages, primary, graafian, atretic
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| cavities that each contain an oocyte | primary follicles
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| surround each oocyte | follicle cells
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| mature primary follicle | graafian
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| graafian follicles become corpus luteum and secretes | progesterone, estrogen, inhibin and relaxin
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| atretic follicles | developing follicles that become useless and deteriorate after ovulation of the graafian follicle
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| attaches from medial end of the ovary to uterus | ovarian ligament
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| broad ligament | fold of peritoneum that covers the ovaries and attaches to the uterus
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| process of egg cell formation | oogenesis
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| each follicle contains a | stem cell
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| production stimulated by FSH | estrogen
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| meiosis results in 3 | polar bodies and one egg
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| ova production begins at | puberty
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| ova production continues until | menopause
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| approximately every 28 days | cyclical
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| causes ovulation, release of ovum | luteinizing hormone
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| uterine tubes or oviducts | fallopian tubes
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| fimbriae | finger-like projections superior to the ovary
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| fertilization usually takes place here | fallopian tubes
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| secretes mucous and implants on the uterus | zygote
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| implantation outside the uterus | ectopic pregnancy
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| uterus | pear-shaped muscular organ posterior to the bladder
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| contains the placenta during pregnancy | uterus
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| fundus | superior part where fallopian tubes enter
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| main central part | body
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| cervix | neck that opens into the vagina
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| outer layer | epimetrium
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| middle layer | myometrium
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| myometrium | contract during delivery
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| endometrium | innermost layer
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| adjacent to myometrium | basilar layer
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| functional layer | regenerated and lost during each menstrual cycle if pregnancy does not occur
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| vagina | muscular tube from cervix to vagina orifice
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| posterior to urethra | vagina
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| the vagina is anterior to the | rectum and anus
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| partially covered by a thin membrane called | hymen
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| vulva | external genitalia
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| small mass of erectile tissue anterior to urethra | clitoris
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| mons pubis | fat pad external to pubic sympysis covered in pubic hair
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| lateral folds of skin | labia majora
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| labia minora | medial, smaller folds of skin surrounding the opening
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| secretes lubrication during intercourse | bartholins glands
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| bartholins glands | vestibular
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| made of lactiserous glands | mammary glands
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| modified sweat glands that produce milk | lactiferous glands
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| lactiferous glands | alveolar
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| stimulated by sucking | oxytocin
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| prepare glands | estrogen and progesterone
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| influenced by FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone | menstrual cycle
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| marked by loss of functional layer | menstrual phase
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| follicular phase | growth of ovarian follicles
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| ruptured follicle becomes corpus luteum | luteal phase
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| decreases uterine contraction to aid in implantation | relaxin
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