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OTIC

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Lubricant drops (OTC) Brand name   *Lacri-tears *Genteal *Opti-tears *Tears  
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Lubricant drops (OTC) dose   1-2 drops into affected eye QD to prn  
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Lubricant drops (OTC) MOA   Acts like mucin and stabilize tear film to reduce evaporation  
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Lubricant drops (OTC) common SE   Crusting on eyelids, allergy to preservative  
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Lubricant ointments (OTC) ingredients   White petrolatum, Mineral oil, Anhydrouslanolin, Hydroxypropylcellulose  
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Lubricant ointments (OTC) dosing   Apply QD (often at bedtime) to prn  
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Lubricant ointments (OTC) MOA   Acts like mucin and stabilize tear film to reduce evaporation  
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Lubricant ointments (OTC) SE   Blurred vision  
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Mast cell stabilizer (Rx) Brands   Opticrom, Crolom,Alomide,Alamast,Alocril  
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Mast cell stabilizer (Rx) Ingredients   Cromolyn 4%,Lodoxamide 0.1%, Pemirolast 0.1%,Nedocromil 2%,  
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Opticrom, Crolom dosing   1 drop 4-6 times per day and then taper to BID as symptoms improve  
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Alomide dosing   1-2 drops QID for up to 3 months  
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Alamast dosing   1-2 drops BID-QID  
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Alocril dosing   1-2 drops BID  
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Mast cell stabilizer (Rx) MOA   Decrease the degranulation of mast cells and prevent the release of inflammatory mediators  
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Mast cell stabilizer (Rx) SE   HA, ocular burning/stinging, rhinitis  
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Antihistamine (Rx) Brand names   Livostin, Emadine  
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Antihistamine (Rx) dosing   1 drop in each eye BID-QID  
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Antihistamine (Rx) MOA   Relatively to highly selective H1 receptor antagonists  
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Antihistamine (Rx) SE   Burning, stinging upon instillation; mydriasis, HA  
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Decongestant (OTC) Ingredients   Naphazoline HCl, Tetrahydrozoline, Phenylephrine,Oxymetazoline HCl  
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Decongestant (OTC) dosing   1-2 drops in each eye QD-QID for all four agents  
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Decongestant (OTC) MOA   Vasoconstriction to reduce redness, vascular congestion, eyelid edema  
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Decongestant (OTC) SE   Conjunctivitis medicamentosa, stinging upon instillation, mydriasis  
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NSAIDS (Rx) Brand   Acular  
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NSAIDS (Rx) dosing   1 drop in affected eye(s) QID up to 7 days  
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NSAIDS (Rx) MOA   Inhibit COX, decreasing prostaglandins  
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NSAIDS (Rx) SE   Hypersensitivity, transient burning/stinging (40%), dry eye, ocular infections, visual disturbancesCI: Pregnant women (3rd trimester)  
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Steroids (Rx) Brand   Decadron, Maxidex, Pred Mild, FML,HMS, Lotemax, Alrex, Vexol  
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Steroids (Rx) Dosing   1 drop TID-QID Note: you may see 1 drop of the ophthalmic solution q hour while awake x 1 week and then reduced for severe cases  
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Steroids (Rx) MOA   Decrease production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes  
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Steroids (Rx) SE   Increased intraocular pressure (glaucoma), cataracts, predisposition to ocular infection, blurred vision, dry eye  
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Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer (Rx) Brand   Patanol, Zaditor  
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Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer (Rx) Dosing   1-2 drops BID (space by 6-8 hours)  
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Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer (Rx) MOA   H1 receptor antagonism and mast cell stabilization  
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Antihistamine and Mast Cell Stabilizer (Rx) SE   Stinging upon administration and headache.  
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AntihistamineMast Cell Stabilizer, and Eosinophil inhibitor (Rx) Brand   Optivar, Zaditor  
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AntihistamineMast Cell Stabilizer, and Eosinophil inhibitor (Rx) MOA   H1 receptor antagonism, mast cell stabilization, and direct inhibitory effect on eosinophil chemotaxis and degranulation  
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AntihistamineMast Cell Stabilizer, and Eosinophil inhibitor (Rx) SE   Conjunctival infection, HA, rhinitis, burning/stinging, bitter taste  
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Antihistamine and Decongestant (OTC) Brand   Naphcon A, Opcon-A, Vasocon-A  
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Antihistamine and Decongestant (OTC) dosing   1-2 drops in each eye BID-QID  
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Antihistamine and Decongestant (OTC) MOA   H1 receptor antagonism and Vasoconstriction to reduce redness, vascular congestion, eyelid edema  
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Antihistamine and Decongestant (OTC) SE   Burning, stinging upon instillation; mydriasis, HA, conjunctivitis medicamentosa, stinging upon instillation  
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Antiviral (Rx) Brand   Viroptic  
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Antiviral (Rx)- Viroptics generic name   Trifluridine  
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Antiviral (Rx) Dosing   1 drop q2h while awake (9 drops max/day) until healed ulcer, then 1 drop q4h (5 drops max/day) x 7 more days not to exceed 21 days of therapy  
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Antiviral (Rx) MOA   Inhibit DNA synthesis by inhibiting thymidylic phosphorylase which is needed for the incorporation of thymidine into the viral DNA  
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Antiviral (Rx) SE   Burning, corneal edema, punctate lesions in corneal epithelium can occur with trifluridine cytotoxicity  
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