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FM board exam 2010

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Question
Answer
anaphylaxis often requires what drug   epinephrine, antihistamines, steroids and inhaled beta agonist  
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course of tx after needle stick from an HIV patient   2 antiretrovirals for 4 weeks asap  
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after positive ANA, what additional test are needed to confirm Lupus   anti-smith, anti-DNA, antiphospholipids  
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most common cause of death in lupus patient   kidney failure  
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4 categories of asthma   mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent  
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mild intermittent   sx's less than 2 times per week  
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mild persistent   sx's more than 2 times per week  
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moderate persistent   sx's daily that occasional affect activity  
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severe persistent   sx's daily that affect daily activities  
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bronchiectasis   abnormal and irreversible dilation of the bronchi  
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most common cause of bronchiectasis   cystic fibrosis  
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what is found in 50-70% of cases of bronchietasis   hemoptysis  
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what on physical exam may be diagnostic chronic hypoxemia   clubbing  
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treatment of bronchiectasis   chest physiotherapy, mucolytics, antibiotics, bronchodilators and surgical resection  
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test for cystic fibrosis   sweat test-put electrodes on the skin and test for how much chloride is present(too much idicates a dx)  
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what genetic disorder is at risk for COPD   alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency  
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pleural effusions: 2 types   transudate and exudate  
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transudate   systemic cause to disrupt in the balance of making and getting rid of fluid  
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exudate   local factors which disrupt the balance  
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example of transudate   heart failure, cirrhosis , PE, nephritic syndrome  
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example of exudate   cancer, pneumonia  
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if amount of protein and ldh for pleural fluid and serum are given, how do you calculate whether fluid is exudate or transudate   pl fluid/serum  
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if the pleural fluid/serum protein and LDH is over 0.5   exudate otherwise considered a transudate  
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compare clinical presentation of pneumothorax vs tension pneumothorax, both have 2 but tension may have 2 additional findings   both have acute onset chest and SOB but tension may have tachycardia and hypotensive  
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pulmonary embolism findings on chest xray   westermack sign(lucent area) or hamptons hump(wedge shaped opacity that pints towards the hilus)  
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2 complications of PE   pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale  
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what type of skin lesions associated with sarcodosis   erythema nodosum  
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erythema nodosum is defined as   inflammation of fat cells under the skin leading to tender, red nodules  
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2 treatment for sarcodosis   steroids and methotrexate  
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types of lung cancer   small cell(20%) and non small cell(80%)better prognosis over all  
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types of non small cell   squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, and large cell  
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how are lung cancers staged non small cell vs small cell   non small cell stage I-IV and small cell limited vs extensive spread  
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how is lung cancer treated based on the type you have   non small cell-surgery then chemo and radiation, small cell-no surgery but chemo and radiation  
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prognosis of lung cancer depends on 2 factors   cell type and stage  
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