FM board exam 2010
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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anaphylaxis often requires what drug | epinephrine, antihistamines, steroids and inhaled beta agonist
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course of tx after needle stick from an HIV patient | 2 antiretrovirals for 4 weeks asap
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after positive ANA, what additional test are needed to confirm Lupus | anti-smith, anti-DNA, antiphospholipids
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most common cause of death in lupus patient | kidney failure
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4 categories of asthma | mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent
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mild intermittent | sx's less than 2 times per week
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mild persistent | sx's more than 2 times per week
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moderate persistent | sx's daily that occasional affect activity
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severe persistent | sx's daily that affect daily activities
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bronchiectasis | abnormal and irreversible dilation of the bronchi
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most common cause of bronchiectasis | cystic fibrosis
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what is found in 50-70% of cases of bronchietasis | hemoptysis
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what on physical exam may be diagnostic chronic hypoxemia | clubbing
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treatment of bronchiectasis | chest physiotherapy, mucolytics, antibiotics, bronchodilators and surgical resection
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test for cystic fibrosis | sweat test-put electrodes on the skin and test for how much chloride is present(too much idicates a dx)
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what genetic disorder is at risk for COPD | alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
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pleural effusions: 2 types | transudate and exudate
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transudate | systemic cause to disrupt in the balance of making and getting rid of fluid
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exudate | local factors which disrupt the balance
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example of transudate | heart failure, cirrhosis , PE, nephritic syndrome
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example of exudate | cancer, pneumonia
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if amount of protein and ldh for pleural fluid and serum are given, how do you calculate whether fluid is exudate or transudate | pl fluid/serum
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if the pleural fluid/serum protein and LDH is over 0.5 | exudate otherwise considered a transudate
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compare clinical presentation of pneumothorax vs tension pneumothorax, both have 2 but tension may have 2 additional findings | both have acute onset chest and SOB but tension may have tachycardia and hypotensive
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pulmonary embolism findings on chest xray | westermack sign(lucent area) or hamptons hump(wedge shaped opacity that pints towards the hilus)
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2 complications of PE | pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale
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what type of skin lesions associated with sarcodosis | erythema nodosum
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erythema nodosum is defined as | inflammation of fat cells under the skin leading to tender, red nodules
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2 treatment for sarcodosis | steroids and methotrexate
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types of lung cancer | small cell(20%) and non small cell(80%)better prognosis over all
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types of non small cell | squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, and large cell
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how are lung cancers staged non small cell vs small cell | non small cell stage I-IV and small cell limited vs extensive spread
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how is lung cancer treated based on the type you have | non small cell-surgery then chemo and radiation, small cell-no surgery but chemo and radiation
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prognosis of lung cancer depends on 2 factors | cell type and stage
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