Personality Chpt 15
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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learning | change of behavior as a function of experience
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behaviorism | the only valid way to know about somebody is to watch what they do
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functional analysis | maps out exactly how behavior is a function of one's environmental situation
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empiricism | the idea that all knowledge comes from experience
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associationism | any two things, including ideas, become mentally associated as one if they are repeatedly experienced close together in time and space
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hedonism | people learn to seek pleasure and avoid pain
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habituation | the simplest way a behavior changes as a result of experience
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classical conditioning | ivan pavlov, mostly with animals, salivate to bell not food
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learned helplessness | feeling of anxiety due to unpredictability
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respondant conditioning | the CR is essentially passive with no impact of its own
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operant conditioning | learn to operate on its world in such a way as to change it to animal's advantage
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reinforcement | the behavior become more likely
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punishment | averse consequence that follows an act in order to stop it and prevent its repetition
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how to punish | availablity of alternatives, behavioral and situational specificity, timing and consistency, conditioning secondary punishing stimuli, avoiding mixed messages
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dangers of punishment | arousing emotion, hard to be consistent, hard to gage severity of punishment, misuse of power, motivates concealment
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habit hierarchy | behavior most likely to perform is at top and least is at bottom
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drive | state of tension that feels good when the tension is reduced
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primary drives | food, water, comfort, avoidance of pain
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secondary drive | positive drives for love, money, prestige, power
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frustration-aggression hypothesis | the natural, biological reaction of any person to being blocked from a goal
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approach-avoidance conflict | conflict between desires and fear and the way it can change over time
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expectancy value theory | behavioral decisions are determined not just by the prescence or size of reinforcement but by the beliefs of likely behavior
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expectency | an individuals belief about how likely it seems that the behavior will attain its goal
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efficacy expectations | belief that one can accomplish something but also one's interpretation of reality matters more than reality itself
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self-efficacy | what a person is capable of doing
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self concept | afffects your efficacy expectation in this domain
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observational learning | learning a behavior vicariously by seeing someone else do it
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reciprocal determinism | how people shape their environments
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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