Interest Groups 11
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| Interest Group | An organization of people with shared policy goals entering the policy process at several points to try to achieve those goals. | ||||
| Pluralist Theory | A theory enphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies. | ||||
| Elite Theory | A theory contending that societies are divided along class lines and that an upper class elite will rule. | ||||
| Hyperpluralist Theory | A theory contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened. | ||||
| Subgovernments | A netowrk of groups within the American political system that exercise a great deal of control over specific policy ares. | ||||
| Potential Group | All the people who might be interest group members because they share some common interest. | ||||
| Actual Group | The part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join. | ||||
| Collective Good | Something of value that cannot be withheld from a group member. | ||||
| Free-Rider Problem | Problem faced when people do not join because they can benefit from the group's activities without actually joining. | ||||
| Olson's Law of Large Groups | Principle by Mancur Olson stating "thel arger the group, the further it will fall short of providing an optimal amount of a collective good." | ||||
| Selective Benefits | Goods that a group can restrict to those who pay their annual dues. | ||||
| Single Issue Groups | Groups that have a narrow interest, tend to dislike compromise, and often draw memberwhip from people new to politics. | ||||
| Lobbying | Communication by someone other than a citizen acting on own behalf directed to a gov't decision maker to influence a decision. | ||||
| Electioneering | Aiding candidates financially and getting group members out to support them. | ||||
| Political Action Committees | Political funding vehicles created by 1974 campaign finance reforms, PACs are used by interest groups to donate money to candidates. | ||||
| Amicus Curiae | Briefs submitted by a “friend of the court” to raise additional points of view and present information not contained in the briefs of the formal parties. | ||||
| Class Action Suits | lawsuits permit a small number of people to sue on behalf of all other people similar situated. | ||||
| Union Shop | Provision found in some collective bargaining agreements requiring all employees of a busniess to join the union within a short period. | ||||
| Right to Work Laws | State law forbidding requirements that workers must join a union to hold their jobs. Permitted by Taft Harley Act of 1947. | ||||
| Public Interest Lobbies | Organizations that seek "a collective good,the achievment that will not selectively and materially benefit the membership of the organization" |
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Created by:
chrisblake92
on 2010-11-23