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Terms related to world war 1 shafer

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Term
Description
Nationalism   strong devotion to a nation's interests  
Militarism   nation's emphasis on aggressve military preparedness  
Imperialism   Process of extending economic, military, and political influence over other nations  
triple entente   Became allied powers-France, Britain, Russia  
Triple Alliance   central powers, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy  
Central Powers   military alliance during WWI consisting of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman empire  
Allied Powers   Military alliance during WWI consisting of more than 20 nations including Russia, France, and Britain  
Schlieffen Plan   German plan to conquer France and then Russia by pushing through Belgium into Northern France  
alfred Nobel   the swedish discoverer of dynamite  
Trench Warfare   method of fighting in ditches deep enough to enable soldiers to fight standing up  
the Hague Court   permanent court of arbitration to provide nations with neutral arbitrations to dispute.  
u-boat   German submarine  
lusitania   british passenger liner sunk by german u-boat  
zimmermann telegram   secret message from german foreign secretary to mexico suggesting an alliance against the U.S.  
Woodrow Wilson   President of U.S. during WWI  
5 major powers in europe   Great Britain, Russia, Germany, France, Austria-Hungary.  
powder keg of europe   the balkans  
Krupp works   arm maker that sold weapons to both sides  
Serbia   Austria lost arch-duke then attacked Serbia cause of that  
Neutrality proclamation   wilson issued it to announce that the U.S. is neutral  
First battle of marne   French and British stooped germans and realized not quick victory  
Battle of Somme   British lost 60,000 one day  
new weapons   tank, posion gas, airplanes, machine guns  
selective service act   1917- required men 21-30 (changed 18-45) to register w/ local draft boards (2.8 mil drafted) in hope to bring together diff. backrounds  
convoy system   merchant vessels escorted by warships; transported supplies and volunteers  
General Von Hindenbourg   led german troops  
armistice   to cease fire signed nov 11, 1918@ 11am  
Food Administration   Herbert Hoover; increase farm production, observe meatless and wheatless days, grow gardens  
Fuel Act   Harry Garfield- heatless mondays, closed factories when short of fuel  
labor problems   due to draft, lack of european immigration & union strikes short of labor  
National War Labor Board (NWLB)   created by wilson- composed of reps from business's; arbitrated disputes between employers and workers (caused union membership to grow)  
woman's roles   took over jobs of men @ war; volunteered war hospitals  
great migration   african americans from south to north; better standard of living but racial violence  
Committe on Public Information   George Creel- prog to support war; warned about spies, criticizing gov, changed names of german foods etc  
sedition& espionage act   1917- outlawed acts of treason; made crime to recognize disloyalty, opposition to draft, war bonds or arms industry (arrested socialist's berger and debs)  
fourteen points   wilson's program for world peace dealt with self determination, causes of war, league of nations  
Big four   Wilson, Orlando, Lloyd George, Clemenceau  
David Lloyd George   British prime minister- didnt want to show generosity twd germans or give up naval supremecy (against wilson's plan)  
George Clemenceau   ensure french security w/ revenge on germ  
Reparations   insisted germ bare finacial cost of war; wanted secret spoils of war treaties honored (violated wilson's plan)  
treaty of versailles   ended ww1-Germ colonies & ottoman empire divided among allied nations as specified in spoils of war treaty; creation league of nations  
mandate system   required new colonial rulers to report on administraion to league of nations  
new nations   czechoslavakia, yugoslavia, finland, estonia, lativa, lithuania, poland  
Wilson's proposal for league of nations   headquartered in geneva; permenant administrative assembly, each nation one vote and a council, 5 perm members: france britain italy japan & us(never joined)  
league covenant   solve disputes peacefully; waiting period before war, if failed to follow council could apply economic pressure and use force; article 10  
article 10   respect and preserve independence & territorial integrity of all member nations  
irreconcilables   14 republicans wanted nothing to do with treaty and league of nations  
reservationists   led by henry cabot lodge; 35 republicans senators would support treaty if league covenant amended because they objected article 10; wanted to protect senate's power to declare war  
henry cabot lodge   mass. head of senate's committe on foreign relations; wilson's enemy (led reservationists)  
wilson's campaign   9,500 speaking tour defending treaty; collapsed from stroke; treaty failed  
1920 election   american's wanted to put war behind; league of nations formed without america  
global impact   europe: industry and agriculture not enough to meet demand; germ: food shortages & lost territory  
Belgium   invaded by Germany  
Battle of Marne   marked first turning point in war, Germany lost quick victory  
Verdum   high # of casualties french won back Verdum  
Armenian massacre   killing of alot of christians, at least 600,000 men, women and children murdered  
william gibbs macadoo   wilson's son-in-law convinced him that he could find money to fight the war  
espionage act   aimed at spying and treason and prohibiting use of mails to send treasonable materials  
sedition act   barred critism on gov't  
AEF   American Expeditionary Force, the first u.s. troops to arrive and fight, fought with france  
Meuse-argonne   the last major French and American offensive war  
urban league   national group aided the a.a.with the adjsutment to the cities  
League of nations   to correct any injustices of the peace treaty  
WILPF   Women's International League for peace and freedom est. in switz. they rallied around the league of nations  


   


 

 

 
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Created by: MonkeyMatt428 on 2004-05-02




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