gastrointestinal
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3 parts of small intestine in descending order | duodenum, jejunum, ileum
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what is the small valve between ileum of small intestines and cecum at large intestines | iliocecal valve
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cancer that has not spread is called | situ
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in which digestion system does the digestion occur | alimentary tube
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what makes up the accessory organs | teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, pancreas, gallbladder
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the tooth is anchored in the socket at the jaw by what structure of the tooth | root
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what is the hard surface of the tooth called | enamel
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the esophagus takes food from where to where | pharynx to stomach
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what is the function of the gastric rugae | allows for expansion of stomach to have more content without tearing
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the digestion function of the liver is production of what (which contains salts & emulsified fats) | bile
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what enzyme produced in the pancreas aids the digestion of all 3 types of complex food molecules | acini
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microvilli in the small intestines are called | brush borders
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what is peristalsis | contraction of alimentary tube that will move forward in one direction
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what is jaundice | yellowing of the body because the body is retaining bile
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what is paralitic ileus | no peristalsis in the small intestines
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what is cholecystectomy | gallbladder is removed
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3 common endoscopic procedures to view GI system | EGD, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, gastroscopy, proctoscopy
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what is at the junction of the esophagus & stomach | lower esophageal sphincter (LES) also known as the cardiac sphincter
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what does the LES do | prevents backup of stomach contents
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the hepatic duct extends toward duodenum and connects with cystic duct from gallbladder - together these dcuts form what | common bile duct
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what is the function of the large intestines (colon) | absorption of water, minerals & vitamins
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what is gingivitis | inflammation & swelling of the gums
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what is short bowel syndrome | small intestines fail to absorb nutirents because of inadequate absorptive surface
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cirrhosis of the liver has fibrous scar tissue called | hobnail liver
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what is the 4th leading cause of death in the US | pancreatic cancer
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what is anorexia nervosa | psychological disturbance by self imposed starvation
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what is bulimia | behavior disorder of binge eating and then purging
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what is celiac disease | inability to tolerate gluten
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what is the 1st part of large intestines as it goes up | ascending colon
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what is the the part of the large intestine that goes from right to left | transverse colon
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what is the part of the large intestine that goes down | descending colon
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what is at the last part of the descending colon | sigmoid
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what is at the very bottom of the ascending colon | cecum
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what hangs off the cecum | appendix
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where does digestion take place | mouth, stomach & small intestine
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does digestion take place in the accessory organs | no
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what are the 2 division of the GI system | alimentary tube & accessory organs
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what makes up the alimentary tube | mouth, stomach, small and large intestines, esophagus & pharynx
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what is mechanical digestion | physically breaking up of food into smaller pieces
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what is chemical digestion | breaking down large molecules into small molecules
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what cements the tooth into place | periodontal membrane
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