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Energy for Life 3.3

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Question
Answer
metabolism   the total of all chemcial reactions in an organism  
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enzymes   protein that allow chemical reactions in cells to happen  
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do enzynmes change?   no  
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can enzymes be reused?   yes  
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how do enzymes change large molecules? name 2 steps.   they attach to the large molecule it will help change. the enzyme causes the larger molecule to break down into 2 smaller molecules.  
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organism   anything that is living  
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what are the 2 groups of organisms, based on hol they get thier food?   producers - plants; consumers - do not make thier own food  
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photosynthesis   the process by which producers use light energy to make sugars which can be used as food. sunlight energy is changed into chemical energy  
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what is the green pigmant in a producer?   Chlorophyl  
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where is the ngreen pigment in a producer found?   chloroplast  
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what is the function of the green pigment in a producer?   to capture sunlight  
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what does photosynthesis begin with? what raw materiels?   CO2 and H2O  
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what is CO2?   carbon dioxide  
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what is H2O?   water  
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what is propduced by 6 molecules of carbon dioxide + 6 molecules water + light energy?   1 molecules sugar + 6 molecules oxygen  
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what is C6H12O6?   molecules of sugar (carbohydrate)  
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what is 6O2?   6 molecules of oxygen.  
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what is extra sugar stored as in a plant?   starch  
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what do plants use carbohydrates as?   food - to grow, maintain, reproduce  
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how is photsynthesis involved in things you eat?   indirectly and directly  
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respiration   a series of checmical reactions in producers and consumers that break down food molecules into simpler substances and release thier stored energy.  
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name 2 things your body uses the engergy produced by respiration for?   for your muscles and other body cells for thermal (heat) energy  
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what is the type of food most easily broken down by cells?   carbohydrates  
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where does the respiration of carbohydrates begin?   in the cytoplasm  
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what is the carbohydrate broken down into in the cytoplasm?   glucose molecules and then into 2 simplier molecules  
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where arte these 2 simplier molecules broken down again?   in the mitochondria  
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what does this process (respiration) of breaking down carbohydrates and then glucose use and produce?   uses oxygen releases energy produces CO2 and H2O as waste  
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fermentation   a process by which oxygen-lacking cells and some one-celled organisms release small amounts of energy from glucose molecules  
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what is produced as waste by fermentation?   alcohol, CO2, and Lactic Acid  
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where does fermentation occur?   occurs in cytoplasm, but does not move to the mitochondria  
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Name 4 foods or other things that bacteria can make through fermentation and the production of lactic acid.   yogurt, some cheese, solid milk, food flavors  
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name a one-celled organism that uses fermentation to break down the sugar in dough   yeast  
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what waste does yeast produce in the fermneation of sugar in dough?   CO2, alcohol  
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respiration uses.........   sugars and oxygen  
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respiration produces...........   CO2 and H2O  
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photosynthesis uses..........   CO2 and H2O  
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photosynthesis produces...........   sugars and oxygen  
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