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Notes

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Federalism   A political concept in stem of the government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units  
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Unitary Government   A system of political organization in which most or all of the governing power resides in a centralized government.  
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Intergovernmental Reltions   Provides a broad array of services to the public and state local and tribal governments  
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Supremcy Clause   Asserts and establishes the Constitution, the federal laws made in pursuance of the Constitution, and treaties made by the United States with foreign nations  
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Tenth Amendment   Powers not granted to the federal government nor prohibited to the states by the Constitution of the United States are reserved to the states or the people.  
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Enumerated Powers   Congress may exercise only those powers that are granted to it by the Constitution  
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Implied Powers   Powers authorized by the constitution which, while not stated, are seemed to be implied by powers expressly stated.  
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Elstic Clause   a statement in the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8) granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers.  
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Full Faith and Credit   A clause in Article IV of the Constitution requiring each state to recognize the official judgements documents and civil judgements.  
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Extradition   A legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by officals of the state in which the crime took place  
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Privileges and Immunities   Clause in Article IV, according citizens of each state most of the privileges of citizens of the other states  
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Dual Federalism   A system of government in which both the states and the national government remain supreme with-in their own spheres.  
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Cooperative Federalism   A system of government in which powers and policy assignments are shared between states and the national government  
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Fiscal Federalism   The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system  
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Categorical Grants   Federal grants that can be used only for specific purposes, or "categories" of state and local spending  
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Project Grants   Categorical grants given for specific purposes and awarded on the basis of the merits of applicants  
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Formula Grants   Categorical grants distributed according to formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations.  
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Block Grants   Federal grants given more or less automatically to states or communities to support broad programs in communities.  
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McCulloch vs. Maryland   1819 Supreme Court decision that established the supremacy of the national government over state governments.  
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Gibbons vs. Ogden   Landmark case decided in 1824. Gave congress the power to regulate interstate commerce, encompassing virtually every form of commercial activity.  
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In this type of system, the national government can redraw the boundaries of local governments or change their form.   Elastic Cluase  
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The supremacy of the national government over the states was established by this court case.   McCulloch v. Maryland  
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Examples of this include the power of Congress to coin money, regulate its value, and impose taxes.   Full Faith and Credit  
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In this case, the Supreme Court broadly defined commerce to include virtually every form of commercial activity.   Gibbons v. Ogden  
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When a state returns a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment, they are practicing this constitutional requirement.   Extradition  
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This type of federalism has been likened to a "Marble Cake".   Cooperative Federalism  
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These grants are awarded on the basis of competitive applications.   Project Grants  
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This was a response to the state and local governmental unhappiness with cumbersome and tedious categorical grants.   Formula Grants  
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In federalism, governmental power and authority is...   Shared between governments  
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The majority of the world's governments are federal systems.   False  
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An example of a unitary government is...   France  
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The American states are unitary with respect to their local governments.   True  
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When it comes to presidential campaigns, the candidates can basically ignore the states.   False  
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The federal system in America decentralizes...   Politics, government, and policies  
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In the U.S., the federal government is responsibile for most social, family, and moral public policies.   False  
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Sometimes social issues become national issues when groups try to use the power of the national government to influence the states.   True  
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The following statements are true regarding the states...   -Constitute a national laboratory to develop and test policies. - National policies had their beginings in the states. - Share results of new policy ideas with other states and national government  
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The term federalism is found repeatedly in the Constitution.   False  
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The following statements about the Constitution are true..   -Forbids Congress to divide up individual states - Unamendable as to the equal representation of the states in the Senate - Requires the national government to protext states against invasion.  
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According to the supremacy clause, the supreme law of land consists of...   The constitution, Laws of the national government, and treaties  
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The constitution grants the national government exclusive power to...   Coin Money  
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The Constitution specifically denies to states the power to...   Tax imports and exports  
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The tenth Amendment provides...   The delegation of power of the states and the people.  
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The question of how national and state powers are related was largely settled by...   The civil rights movement, the case of McCulloch v. Maryland, and the Civil War  
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In 1791, the newly created national bank was regarded favorably by...   Federalists  
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One of the country;s ablest lawyers, who argued the case for Maryland before the Supreme Court in McCulloch v. Maryland, was...   Luther Martin  
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In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court stated that as long as the national government behaves in accordance with the Constitution, its policies take precedence over state policies.   True  
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