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Charles A. Beard     A historian who argued that the Founders were largely motivated by the economic advantage of their class in writing the Constitution  
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Constitution     A set of principles  
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Articles of Confederation     The governemnt charter of the states in 1776 until the Constitution in 1787  
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Constitutional Convention     A meeting of delegates in Phili in 1787 charged with drawing up amendments to the Articles of Confederation  
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Declaration of Independence     A document written in 1776 declaring the colonists' intention to throw off British rule  
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federalism     A constitutional principle reserving separate powers to the national state levels of government  
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Federalist paper     A series of political tracts that explained many of the ideas of the Founders  
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Great Compromise     A constitutional proposal that made membership in one house of Congress proportional to each state's population and membershup in the other equal for all states  
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John Locke     A British philosopher whose ideas on civil government greatly influenced the Founders  
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James Madison     A principal architect of the Constitution who felt that a government powerful enough to encourage virtue in its citizens was too powerful  
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Massachusetts Constitution     A state constitution with clear separation of powers but considered to have produced too weak a government  
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natural rights     Rights of all human beings that are ordained by God  
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New Jersey Plan     A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress  
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Pennsylvania Constitution     A governing document considering to be hightly democratic yet with a tendency toward tyranny as the result of concentrating all powers in one set of hands  
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separtion of powers     A constitutional principle separating the personnel of the legislative  
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Shay's Rebellion     An armed attempt by Revolutionary War veterans to avoid losing their property by preventing the courst in western Massachusetts from meeting  
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Virginia Plan     A constitutional proposal that the smaller states' representatives feared would give permanent supremacy to the larger states  
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amendment     change in  
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Antifederalists     Those who opposed giving as much power ot hte national government as the Constitution did  
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bill of attainder     A law that would declare a person guilty of a crime without a trial  
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Bill of Rights     the first 10 amendments of the US Constitution  
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checks and balances     The power of the legislative  
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coalition     An alliance between different interest groups of parties to achieve some political goal  
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confederation     An agreement among sovereign states that delegates certain powers to a national government  
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Constitutional Convention     A meeting of delegates in 1878 to revise the Articles of Confederation  
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ex post facto law     A law that would declare an act criminal after the act was committed  
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faction     a group of people sharing a common interest who seek to influence public policy for their collective benefit  
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Federalists     Supporters of a stronger central governemnt who advocated ratification of the Constitution and then founded a politcal party  
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judicial review     The power of the courts to declare acts of the legislature and of the exectuve inconstitutional and therefore null and void  
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line-item veto     the power of an executive to veto some provisions in an appropriations bill while approving others  
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Madisonian view of human nature     A philosophy holding that accommodating individual self-interst provided a more practical solution to the problem of government than aiming to cultivate virtue  
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republic     a from of democracy in which leaders and representatives are selected by means of popular competitive elections  
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unalienable rights     rights thought to be based on nature and providence rather than on the preference of people  
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writ of habeas corpus     a court order requring police officials to produce an individual held in cusoty and show sufficient cause for that person's detention  
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Created by: cpregler
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