MACC Dipstick testing for urines
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| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? pH | double-indicator system methyl red and bromthymol blue | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Protein | This test is based on the protein-error-of-indicators principle. At a constant pH, the development of any green color is due to the presence of protein. | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Glucose | double sequential enzyme reaction. Glucose oxidase | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Blood | peroxidase-like activity of hemoglobin | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Bilirubin | Diazo Reaction | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Ketone | Sodium nitroprusside Measures Acetoacetate and Acetone | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Specific Gravity | pKa changes - only measures particles with ionic charge | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Urobilinogen | modified Ehrlich reaction | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Leukocytes | Esterases from Granulocytic cells (Neutrophils) | ||||
| What is the Reagent Strip Reaction? Nitrates | Tests for Nitrites in urine due to gram negative bacteria | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of pH? | systemic acid-base disorders, infections are alkaline, help ID crystals | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of PROTEIN? | Presence means that additional testing should be performed for renal disease | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of GLUCOSE? | Diabetes is the most common | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of KETONES? | fat is being metabolized, diabetes, vomiting, starvation, malabsorption | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of BLOOD? | HEMATURIA - Bleeding Myoglobulin | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of BILIRUBIN? | Liver dysfunction | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of UROBILINOGEN? | Liver disease, hemolytic disorders | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of NITRATE? | Presence of bacteria | ||||
| What is the Clinical Significance of LEUKOCYTE ESTERASE? | Increase urinary white blood cells | ||||
| Principle of Test? SPECIFIC GRAVITY REFRACTOMETER | Refractive Index Light is passed through a prism in comparison to water | ||||
| Clinical Significance? SPECIFIC GRAVITY | testing the kidney's ability to concentrate urine | ||||
| How will X-ray dye affect an Urinalysis? | Will cause the specific gravity to be over 1.035 | ||||
| What will cause Interference in testing for PROTEIN? | Positive - buffered alkaline urine Negative - dilute urine, skin cleaners, blood | ||||
| What is Bence Jones Proteins? | a low molecular-weight protein produced in multiple myeloma. Must be tested for using SSA | ||||
| What is SSA testing used for? | Backup testing for Protein | ||||
| What is MicroAlbuminuria testing for? | Immunochemical test for very small amounts of albumin in urine | ||||
| What causes Interference for GLUCOSE? | positive - none negative - Ascorbic Acid (ascorbate) | ||||
| What is the Clinitest used for? | To detect reducing substances (sugars) such as Galactose and glucose | ||||
| What is "pass-through" during a Clinitest | Result is greater than the linearity of the test | ||||
| Why is it hard to perform a dipstick UA on a patient that is taking a large amount of Vitamin C | Vitamin C is ascorbic acid which interferes with many of the tests, esp glucose and urobilinogen | ||||
| Interference? KETONES | positive - color | ||||
| Interference? BLOOD | positive - menstruation negative -not mixed well, ascorbic acid, formalin, protein | ||||
| Interference? BILIRUBIN | posiitive - color, many chemicals - Should use Icotest negative - ascorbic acid | ||||
| What is the Ictotest used for? | Backup testing for Dipstick Bilirubin | ||||
| Interference? UROBILINOGEN | positive - urine color, some drugs negative - not detectable, formalin | ||||
| Interference? NITRATE | Positive - old sample Negative - bacteria not produce nitrates storage in bladder short | ||||
| A urine is transparent and has not particulates present. It is ? | Clear | ||||
| A urine has a few particulates, but newsprint can be easily read thru it. It is? | Hazy | ||||
| A urine has many particulates and newsprint can be seen thru it, but cannot be read. It is? | Cloudy | ||||
| A urine has so many particulates that newprint cannot be seen thru it. It is? | Turbid | ||||
| If a urine is pink or red. It can contain? | RBCs, hemoglobin, myoglobin or the metabolites of beets | ||||
| If a urine is deep orange, there is a good chance the patient is taking? | Pyridium (Phenazopyridine) | ||||
| If the urine is black, it may contain? | Melanin, homogentisic acid or blood left to stand in acidic urine | ||||
| If the urine is Amber or deep yellow with a yellow foam, it can contain? | Bilirubin | ||||
| What urine is the specimen of choice? | First morning urine |
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Created by:
mstanley
on 2010-09-21