Cardio 1
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| Ca2+ [increase/decrease] in mycocytes causes increased contractility and stroke volume | increase | ||||
| Na+ in myocytes [increases/decreases] contractility | decreases | ||||
| What is the O2-based formula for determining Cardiac Output? | (rate of O2 use)/[(arterial O2 - venous O2)] | ||||
| Cardiac Output increase during exercise is accomplished by which first: Stroke Volume increase, or Heart Rate increase? | Stroke Volume | ||||
| formula for MAP? | 2/3 Diast + 1/3 Syst | ||||
| What ECG leads are for inferior wall? | AVf, II, III | ||||
| Which coronary artery supplies inferior heart in 90% of cases? | Right Coronary Artery (specifically, Posterior descending branch) | ||||
| Which ECG leads are for IV Septum? Anterior wall? | V1, V2, V3 for IV septum. V2, V3, V4 for anterior wall. | ||||
| What makes ATH plaques visible on CT? | Calcification | ||||
| Chest pain in SLE or steroid users is usually due to ___________. | ATH (check resting and exercise ECG) | ||||
| U wave is a sign of ? | relative hypokalemia | ||||
| Relationship between dypiridamole testing and cardiac steal? | Dypiridamole opens up non diseased vessels, while diseased ones stay the same since they are already max dilated. | ||||
| What 2 isotopes can be used during nuclear stress test? | thallium 201, technetium-99m-sestamibi | ||||
| True/False: you should stop taking heart medicine before exercise test? | True: stop taking Bblockers, digoxin, anti-ischemics | ||||
| What is the gold standard for identifying CAD? | coronary angiography | ||||
| High serum levels of what amino acid are associated with hypercholesterolemia? | Homocysteine | ||||
| What meds can cause raised LDL | OCPs, diuretics, testosterone, HRT | ||||
| What are the ranges for LDL Rx based on # of risk factors? | CAD: 100-130 = lifestyle changes, 130+ = statins. (add 30 points for 2+ risk factors, 30 more for 0-1 risk factors) | ||||
| What is Prinzmetal angina? | arterial vasospasm | ||||
| What Rx for Prinzmetal angina? What do you avoid | CCBs (drugs of choice), nitrates. AVOID b-blockers, ASA |
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Created by:
jsad
on 2010-08-31