Gm+/- cocci, Gm- rods.
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| Gm+, alpha-hemolytic, lancet-shaped, quellung positive | Strep pneumoniae
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| Stys | Staph aureus
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| Pyoarthritis from disseminated infections | Staph aureus
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| UTI in elderly | Staph epidermidis
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| UTI in adolescent girls | Staph saprophyticus
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| Neonatal sepsis | Group B Strep agalactiae
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| PID | Neisseria gonorrhea
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| macular rash and petechial hemorrhages | fulminant meningococcemia - Neisseria meningitidis
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| Organisms present in blood, nasopharyngeal swab, very few in CSF | Neisseria meningitidis
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| Carrion’s disease | Bartonella Bacilliformis
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| oroya fever | Bartonella Bacilliformis
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| sand flies | Bartonella Bacilliformis
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| Cat scratch fever | Bartonella henselae
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| Trench fever | Bortonella quiltana
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| Passive immunity by mother/Natural immunity by 8 years old | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Soft, painful chancres in genital region | Haemophilus ducreyi
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| Soft, painless chancres in genital region | Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
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| Soft chancres in genital region | Haemophilus ducreyi OR Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
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| Cause meningitis (NOT late onset neonatal sepsis) | haemophilis infulenzae, neisseria menigitidis, strep pneumoniae, moraxilla
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| Late onset neonatal sepsis meninigitis | strep B (agalactiae)
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| Causes pneumonia | Strep pneumoniae, haemophilis influenzae, staph aureus, peptostreptococci
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| Quellung positive | haemophilis influenzae, strep pneumoniae, neisseria menigitidis
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| Condition from the release of endotoxin by bacteria killed by an antibiotic | Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
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| Treatment for Bordetella pertussis | Erythromycin to kill B.pertussis, then continued antibiotics to prevent pneumonia
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| catalase +, facultative anaerobes, hyaluronidase, pyrogenic | STAPH
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| teichoic acid | STAPH
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| protein A | Antiphagocytic - STAPH
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| mucus membrane pathogens | Neisseria, Haemophilus, Moraxella
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| Most common staph | Staph aureus
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| Golden yellow pigment on solid media, white to orange colonies | Staph aureus
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| Mannitol + | Staph aureus
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| Coagulase + | Staph aureus
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| Ribitol teichoic acid | Staph aureus
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| Gm+, produces enterotoxin | Staph aureus
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| Abscess formation | Staph aureus
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| Encrusted pustules on superficial layers of skin | Impetigo - Staph aureus/Strep A (pyogenes)
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| pyoarthritis | Disseminated infection of staph aureus or PID in Neisseria gonorrhea
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| acute bacterial endocarditis | staph aureus
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| subacute bacterial endocarditis | staph epidermidis
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| most common endocarditis | strep viridans
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| all bacterial endocarditis causes | Staph aureus, staph epidermidis, strep viridans, strep A (pyogenes), strep D (fecalis), moraxella (branhamella catarrhalis)
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| sandpaper texture, streaking of skin on joint lines, can start to peel | Scalded skin syndrome - staph aureus
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| High fever, vomiting, diarrhea, peripheral circulatory collapse, tampons | TSS - staph aureus
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| Acute vomiting, mild cramps, no fever, 2-6 hours after ingestion | Food poisoning - staph aureus
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| White colonies | Staph epidermidis
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| Glycerol teichoic acid | Staph epidermidis
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| Glycerol and or rubitol teichoic acid | Staph saprophyticus
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| Gm+ chained cocci, non-motile, catalase –, facultative anerobes | STREP
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| Hyaluronic acid capsule | STREP
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| Protein F | fibronectin binding - STREP
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| Lactic acid fermentors | STREP
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| Group A | Strep pyogenes
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| M, T, and R antigens | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| beta-hemolytic, bactracin sensitive | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| M-protein | Antiphagocytosis - Strep A (pyogenes)
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| Strep A hemolysins | Streptolysin S (O2 STABLE) and O (O2 SENSITIVE)
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| Most common pharyngitis | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| Scarlet Fever | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| pyoderma (impetigo) | Staph aureus, Strep A (pyogenes)
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| cellulitis | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| Rheumatic fever | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| Acute glomerulonephritis | Strep A (pyogenes)
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| Strep group B | Strep agalactiae
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| Beta-hemolytic, bactracin resistant, normal oral/vaginal flora | Strep B (agalactiae)
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| Sialic acid capsule | Strep B (agalactiae)
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| 5 serotypes | Strep B (agalactiae)
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| serotype of late-onset neonatal sepsis | 3
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| alpha-hemolytic, bactracin resistant | strep D non-enterococci
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| beta-hemolytic, bactracin resistant, inhibited (not killed) by penicillin | strep D enterococci (fecalis)
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| Strep D enterococci | Strep fecalis
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| NON Strep Group D Enterococci | E. faecalis, E. faecium
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| PYR + | NON Strep Group D Enterococci (E. faecalis, E. faecium)
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| Strep D diseases | endocarditis, UTI, septicemia
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| Strep D treatment | Need an antibiotic sensitivity test
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| Anaerobic, Gm+ cocci | Peptostreptococci
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| Normal in GI, Gu, and especially in periodontal | Peptostreptococci
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| Possible diseases of Peptostreptococci | abscess, pneumonia, Gu tract infections
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| alpha-hemolytic, found in the oral cavity and heart | strep viridans
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| strep viridans diseases | dental caries, endocarditis
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| strep viridans treatment | penicillin
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| alpha hemolytic, sensitive to bile and quinine | strep pneumoniae
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| strep pneumoniae diseases | pneumonia (usually secondary infection), meningitis, otitis media/septicemia in infants > 2 months old
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| strep pneumoniae treatment | usually penicillin, or other antibiotic
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| strep pneumoniae vaccine | capsular polysaccharide, only in adults
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| Virulent neisseria | Types 1 and 2, which have capsules - gonorrhea and meningitidis
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| neisseria motility | twitching pili. NO FLAGELLA
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| Glucose fermentor only | Neisseria gonorrhea
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| STD, diplococci, pyogen | Neisseria gonorrhea
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| IgAse | Neisseria gonorrhea, Haemophilus influenzae
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| Urethritis | Moraxella, Neisseria gonorrhea
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| Diseases of Neisseria gonorrhea | urithritis, rectal infection, pharyngitis, ophtalmia neonatorum
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| Culture on thayer-martin chocolate plate in candle (CO2) jar | Neisseria gonorrhea
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| Neisseria gonorrhea treatment | penicillin G
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| penicillinase+ Neisseria gonorrhea treatment | spectinomycin
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| Glucose and maltose fermentation only | Neisseria meningitidis
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| quellung+, natural reservoir in nasopharynx | Neisseria meningitidis
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| fever, vomiting, headache, stiff neck | meningitis, early stages
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| Waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome | Neisseria meningitidis
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| Neisseria meningitidis treatment | High dose of IV penicillin
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| Neisseria meningitidis vaccine | Capsular polysaccharide - infants or military settings
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| Branhamella catarrhalis | Moraxella
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| - Gm -, diplococcobacilli, normal flora | Moraxella (Branhamella catarrhalis)
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| Severe moraxella diseases | endocarditis or meningitis (both rare)
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| moraxella diseases in immunocomprimised patients | otitis media, maxillary sinusitis, pulmonary disease, urethritis (indistingushable from gonorrhea)
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| Non-motile coccobacilli w/capsule, obligate aerobe, oxidase -, natural flora | Acinetobacter
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| Gm-, coccobacillus, no capsule, flagella, hemangioma | Bartonella Bacilliformis
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| Pyogenic, facultative anaerobe, blood components requred | HAEMOPHILUS
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| chocolate agar required due to non-hemolytic property | Haemophilus infulenzae
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| Cells are pleomorphic (vary between small coccobacilli to long, slender filaments) | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Acute bacterial meningits in 3 to 6 year-olds | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Large number of organisms in CSF | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Start with upper resperatory tract infection, but may lead to meningitis or epiglottitis | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Antiphagocytic and immunosuppressive capsule with 6 serotypes | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Haemophilus influenzae serotype that's common in children | B
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| Haemophilus influenzae treatment | ampicillin or chloramphenicol
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| Haemophilus influenzae vaccine | Capsular polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid. Used for infants
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| Bacterial conjunctivitis | Haemophilus aegyptius
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| Haemophilus aegyptius treatment | tetracycline ointment
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| Haemophilus ducreyi treatment | sulfonamides and streptomycin
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| small Gm- coccobacilli with hemagglutimin pili | attach to upper resperatory tract - Bordetella
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| Most severe Bordetella to least | Pertussis, parapertussis, bronchiseptica
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| Unidentified toxin | Neurotoxin - Bordetella
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| Obligate human parasite | Bordetella pertussis
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| Whooping cough | Bordetella pertussis
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| Mild flu-like symptoms, mild, persistent cough, MOST CONTAGIOUS | Caterrhal Stage - Bordetella pertussis
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| Violent coughing, characteristic whoop, cyanosis, vomiting, convulsions, exhaustion | Paraoxysmal Stage - Bordetella pertussis
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| amelioration of symptoms, cough persists for several months | Convalescent stage - Bordetella pertussis
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| Grown on Bordet-Gengon and Regan-Lowe agar | Bordetella pertussis
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| Bordetella vaccine | Inactivated whole organism. Produces antibodies and cell-mediated immunity. Administered at 2 months old. Boosters at 4, 6, and 18 months, and then again when entering school.
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