chapter 7
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| ____ contracts most force | left ventricle
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| vagus nerve= | innervate heart and digestive system (parasympathetic)
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| right ventricle pumps blood through____ to be sent to the lungs | pulmonary arteries
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| pulmonary veins empty blood into | left atrium
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| right side= | systemic
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| left side= | pulmonic
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| electrical synapses and gapjuntions make up | cardiac muscle
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| conductive fibers in AV node | bundle of his
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| conductive fibers in ventricle walls | purkinje fibers
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| allow for more unified, and stronger contractions | purkinje fibers
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| veins have more volume of blood and are larger in lumen size compared to | arteries
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| BP is high in _____ and low in _____ | heart; capillaries
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| velocity is greatest in | arteries
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| cross sectional area is smallest in | arteries
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| delays contraction of the ventricles | AV node
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| cardiac output= | SV x HR
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| pump oxygentaed blood | left ventricle/ atria
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| inferior/superior vena cava--> right A and V, tricupids valve---> pulmonary arteries--> lungs | deoxygentated blood
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| lungs--> pulmonary vein --> left A and V, mitral valve ---> Aorta | oxygenated blood
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| ____ is a skeletal muscle and innervated by phrenic nerve | diaghragm
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| microtubule cillia is found in | ependymal cells of spinal cord
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| acidosis ( too much acid in the blood) will make the body | increase breathing rate
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| CO2 is carried in blood via | bicarbonate ion
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| Increase in CO2= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT
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| Increase in H+= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT
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| Increase in T= | oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT
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| oxygen dissociation curves shift to the RIGHT means | hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen
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| 2,3-DPG shift oxygen dissociation curves shift to the | RIGHT
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| shift of the oxygen dissociation curves thanks to pH= | BOHR shift
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| oxygen concentration and pH are monitored by | peripheral chemoreceptors
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| breathing rate is affected by | central Chemoreceptors (medulla); peripheral chemoreceptors ( coratid arteries and aorta)
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| alkalosis causes | increase blood pH from hyperventillation. Hyperventillation causes decrease in CARBONIC (b/c u have less CO2)
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| LESS CO2= LESS CARBONIC ACID =? | INCREASE IN PH
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| CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITOR= | rate of gas exchange in lungs would decrease
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| increase co2 production= | increase carboxyhemoglobin
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| job of erythrocyte | deliver O2 and remove CO2
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| blood is what type of tissue | connective
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| blood compostition | plasma, buffycoat, RBC
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| proteins in plasma= | albumin, Immunoglobulins, clotting factors
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| immunoglobulins are aka | antibodies
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| Plasma minus clotting factor fibrinogen = | serum
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| source of AA for tissue protein replacement | plasma proteins
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| leukocytes= do containorganelles, but not | hemoglobin
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| granular leukocytes= | (BEN) --- basophl, neurtophil, eosinophil
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| Agranular leukocyte= | Monocytes, megakaryocytes, lymphocytes
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| macrophage made from | monocyte
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| Megakaryocytes in bone marrow make | platelets
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| inflammation | basophil
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| parasitic infection | eosinophil
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| b cells (humoral) | liver, bone marrow
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| T cell (cell-mediated) | thymus
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| helper t cells help B lyphocytes differentiate into | plasma cells (memmory B cells)
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| HIV attacks | helper T cells
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| 4 types of T lymphotcytes= | helper, killer, supressor, memory
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| Lymphocyte has 3 divisions:: | T- lymphocyte, B- lymphocyte, and natural killers
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| killer T cells release | perforin (punctures antigen carrying cell)
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| Rh negative | mother
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| Rh positive | fetus
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| A blood | A antigens, B antibodies
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| B blood | B antigens, A antibodies
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| O blood | neither A or B antigens, BUT HAS both A and B antibodies
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| lymphatic vessels absorb blood from | interstitial fluid and takes it back to blood
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| innate immunity= | attacks foreign invaders with white blood cells called GRANULOCYTES as well as inflammation. DOESNT USE T CELL OR B CELL!!!
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