Muscular System ISSN
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| external mobility | created by skeletal muscle, it includes both motion and locomotion
🗑
|
||||
| motion | change of positions due to movement
🗑
|
||||
| locomotion | movement from one place to another
🗑
|
||||
| internal mobility | occurs with smooth muscle contractions inside the body
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle | found in hollow organs and blood vessels
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac muscle | found in the heart
🗑
|
||||
| skeletal muscle | connects to bones and allows us to move
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle | non-striated
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac muscle | striated
🗑
|
||||
| skeletal muscle | striated
🗑
|
||||
| smooth muscle's nuclei | mono-nucleated
🗑
|
||||
| cardiac muscle's nuclei | mono or multi-nucleated
🗑
|
||||
| skeletal muscle's nuclei | multi-nucleated
🗑
|
||||
| superficial fascia | separates muscle from skin
🗑
|
||||
| deep fascia | holds muscles with similar functions together
🗑
|
||||
| epimysium | separates muscles into functional groups, reaching past the muscle to the tendon
🗑
|
||||
| perimysium | covers the fascicle
🗑
|
||||
| endomysium | covers each muscle fiber, it allows vascularization and innervation
🗑
|
||||
| tendons | attach muscle to bone
🗑
|
||||
| aponeurosis | broad, flat, sheet like tendonous structures attaching muscle to other muscles, skin or bone
🗑
|
||||
| tendon sheath | located where tendons pass bony structures
🗑
|
||||
| tenosynovitis | inflammation of tendon sheath
🗑
|
||||
| retinacula | used to secure tendons in their place...found primarily in wrist, ankle, and knee
🗑
|
||||
| origins of muscle | found at the proximal end of a muscle, more stationary,
🗑
|
||||
| insertions of muscles | produce movement and are found at the more distal end of a muscle
🗑
|
||||
| contractility | shortening of muscle fiber
🗑
|
||||
| extensibility | lengthening of muscle fibers
🗑
|
||||
| elasticity | ability to return to its original shape
🗑
|
||||
| excitability | the ability to contract after receiving a nerve stimulus
🗑
|
||||
| sarcomeres | the smallest functional unit of a muscle cell containing actin and myosin
🗑
|
||||
| sarcolemma | the cell wall of a muscle cell
🗑
|
||||
| sarcoplasm | the muscle cell's cytoplasm that surrounds the organelles
🗑
|
||||
| sarcoplasmic reticulum | stores and releases calcium ions needed for creating cross bridges between the actin and myosin proteins
🗑
|
||||
| T tubules | channels encircling the z-line and enters the cell transporting calcium ions into and out of the cell to help spread the action potential
🗑
|
||||
| myofibril | a single muscle cell or muscle fiber
🗑
|
||||
| h-band | the center of the sarcomere, contains only myosin
🗑
|
||||
| a-band | lies to either side of the h-band, contains actin and myosin
🗑
|
||||
| i-band | lies outside the a-bands, contains only actin
🗑
|
||||
| motor unit | a single motor neuron plus all the muscle fibers to which it attaches
🗑
|
||||
| neuromuscular junction | where the axon of the motor neurons terminate at the sarcolemma os a muscle fiber
🗑
|
||||
| acetylcholine (ACh) | the principle neurotransmitter involved in a muscle contraction
🗑
|
||||
| all-or-none response | the phenomenon where a stimulation of a fiber causes an action potential to travel over the entire fiber or not to travel at all
🗑
|
||||
| hyperflexibility | flexibility beyond a joints normal physiologic limits and contributes to joint instability
🗑
|
||||
| muscle spindles | located in the belly of a muscle. a quick ballistic stretch causes the receptor to fire off and produce muscle contractions
🗑
|
||||
| golgi tendon organs | located at the musculotendonous junction and fire off when over stretched
🗑
|
||||
| slow twitch | red muscles, fatigue resistant
🗑
|
||||
| fast twitch | white muscles, fatigue quickly
🗑
|
||||
| intermediate | pink muscle
🗑
|
||||
| isotonic contraction | the tone or tension of a muscle remains the same but the length of a muscle changes
🗑
|
||||
| concentric contraction | occurs when contraction of a muscle results in the shortening of a muscle
🗑
|
||||
| eccentric contraction | occurs when muscle experiences resistance as it is lengthened
🗑
|
||||
| isometric contraction | the muscle length remains the same while the muscle tension increases
🗑
|
||||
| uniarticular | describes a muscle that crosses a single joint
🗑
|
||||
| biarticular | describes a muscle that crosses two joints, and acts on both
🗑
|
||||
| multiarticular | describes a muscle that crosses more than two joints
🗑
|
||||
| parallel fibers | have fibers running along the long axis providing greater ROM, but less strength
🗑
|
||||
| fusiform fibers | spindle shaped fibers with a tapered end
🗑
|
||||
| circular fibers | fibers used to close openings
🗑
|
||||
| pennate fibers | fibers that are short and flare off to the sides on one tendon
🗑
|
||||
| prime movers | aka agonists
🗑
|
||||
| agonists | main muscles producing a certain desired movement
🗑
|
||||
| synergist | muscles that assist the agonist
🗑
|
||||
| antagonist | muscles that oppose the prime movers
🗑
|
||||
| fixators | aka stabilizers
🗑
|
||||
| stabilizers | stabilize surrounding joints so a prime mover can act more efficiently
🗑
|
||||
| Sherrington's Law | when a prime mover is stimulated the opposing antagonist cooperates by elongating
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
amdi1024
Popular Massage Therapy sets