hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia
Help!
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| What is calcium used for? | nerve transmission, cardiac excitability, muscle contractions,blood clotting and hormone regulation
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| How mush is dissolved in the blood? | 1%
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| Of that 1% how much is bound to plasma proteins especially albumin? | 40%
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| What 5 is combined ith citrate, phosphate, and sulphate? | 10%
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| What is the remaining 50%? | Ionized (free)--ionized form is physiologically active in the cell.
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| What are normal calcium values? | 8.5-10.5 both bound and ionized
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| Where is calcium found in the body? | primarily in the bones and the teeth
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| what are some good sources of calcium? | fish--salmon, sardines, anchovies, milk, brocolli
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| what regulates the calcium? | the parathyroid hormone or PTH, vitD and calcitonin
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| PTH is released in response to what? | decreased Calevels causing bones to give up Ca
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| PTH also does four things....? | ^mvmt of Ca from the bone to the plasma, ^absorption of Ca from the GI tract, ^reabsorption of Ca from the renal tubules, amd dependent on vit D
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| Regulation of ca also depens on PTH, vit D and ....? | calcitonin
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| What is calcitonin? | a hormone produced by the thyroid gland opposes the effects of PTH and Vit D on bomes
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| What happens with high Ca levels? | it stimulates the thyroid glad to release cacitonin and inhibits the release of Ca from the bone amd thus lowers the calcium levels. (keeps in bones)
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| What is the most important thing to remebre when have decreased Ca levels? | the PTH depletes the bone and calcitonin says NO!!! this lowers serum calcium levels and keeps it is the bones
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| What is hypoclacemia? | A total serum Ca concentration of less than 8.5 or an iodized Ca concentration less than 4
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| what happens in accidosis? | it causes more Ca to be ionizedand less protein bound
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| What is acidosis? | causes more Ca to be ionized less protein bound.....
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| What is alkalosis? | greater than 7.45 increased Ca
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| What is alkalosis? | less than 7.35 decreased Ca
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