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Neuroanatomy - ANS

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Question
Answer
Primary control center of ANS   hypothalamus  
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ANS input from   cortex is largely conveyed to hypothalamus via the amygdala  
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pupillary constriction centers in   midbrain  
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micturition centers in   pons  
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cardiac & pulmonary centers in   medulla  
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heart afferents   vagal & glossopharyngeal from carotid body & sinus to solitary nucleus  
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Pain with sympathetics   T1-T4 on left  
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Control centers in medulla react to input from   hypothalamus & baro- & chemo-receptors  
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Parasympathetics   dorsal motor X  
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parasympathetics pass to   ganglion cells  
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ganglion cells innervate primarily   nodes slowing the heart  
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sympathetics T1-T4 reach heart directly from   chain or ascending then descedning as cardiopulmonary splanchnic nn.  
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parasympathetics cause   erection  
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sympathetics cause   emission  
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somatic reflexes cause   ejaculation  
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bladder pain travels with   lumbar & pelvic splanchnics (ps) & ascends in the spinothalamic tract  
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bladder fullness   in wall with ps to spinothalamic tract  
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bladder fullness in   trigone with ps to dorsal columns  
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bladder parasympathetics cause   contraction of internal urethral sphincter & relaxation of detrusor  
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bladder somatic motor fibers from the   Onuf nucleus  
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Onuf nucleus contracts the   external sphinter via the perineal branch of the pudendal n.  
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Bladder cerebral control centers are in the   superior frontal gyrus  
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Bladder pontine centers   contract the external urethral sphincter & relax the external uretheral sphincter & contract the detrusor  
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Bladder low level distension stimulates   Onuf nucleus  
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High level distention inhibits   Onuf nucleus & sympathetic  
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Parkinson's disease   resting tremor  
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Parkinson's disease   difficulty initiation movement  
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Parkinson's disease due to   loss of dopaminergic neurons in substania nigra  
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Huntington's disease (Chorea)   inability to stop moving  
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Huntington's diease (Chorea) due to   genetic defect which causes cellular loss in the striatum (especially the caudate nucleus)  
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Hemiballismus   flailing of limbs on 1 side  
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Hemiballismus due to   damage to the subthalamic nucleus  
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