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Liver & Biliary System

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Question
Answer
benign tumor arising from glands   adenoma  
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secretion of liver containing bile salts, cholesterol, & other substances   bile  
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small terminal bile channel located between liver cords   bile canaliculus  
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derivatives of bile acids present in bile that act as emulsifiers promoting fat digestion & absorption   bile salts  
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diffuse liver call dmg & scarring w/distortion of liver cell structure & function caused by obstruction of bile ducts   biliary cirrhosis  
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abdominal pain that results when gallstone enters biliary duct system   biliary colic  
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(1) of bile pigments derived from breakdown of hemoglobin   bilirubin  
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inflammation of gallbladder   cholecystitis  
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formation of gallstones   cholelithiasis  
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complex compound containing several ring structures   cholesterol  
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complex compound found in cholesterol   sterol  
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disease characterized by diffuse intrahepatic scarring & liver cell degeneration   liver cirrhosis  
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more soluble form of bilirubin produced by addition of (2) molecules glucuronic acid to bilirubin molecule   conjugated bilirubin  
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(1) of herpes viruses causing infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms in adults & may cause congenital malformation in fetus   cytomegalovirus  
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virus that causes infectious mononucleosis   Epstein-Barr virus  
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inflammation of the liver   hepatitis  
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antigen containing in the core of hepatitis B virus   hepatitis B core antigen  
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coating of hepatitis B virus that is also found in great excess in blood of infected patients   hepatitis B surface antigen  
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yellow color of skin resulting from accumulation of bile pigment within blood   jaundice  
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phospholipid having detergent properties similar to bile salts   lecithin  
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phosphorus-containing lipid   phospholipid  
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histologic subdivision of liver in which columns of liver cells converge toward a central vein & portal tracts are located at periphery   liver lobule  
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irregular red-staining structure in cytoplasm of injured liver cells, usually resulting from alcohol-induced liver injury   Mallory body  
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aggregate of bile salt & lecithin molecules by which cholesterol is brought into solution in bile   micelle  
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surgically created anastomosis between portal vein & vena cava, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices   portacaval shunt  
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branch of hepatic artery, portal vein & bile duct located at periphery of liver lobule   portal tract  
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surgically created anastomosis between splenic & renal veins, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices   splenorenal shunt  
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nonsurgical method used to lower portal vein pressure in person w/cirrhosis by connecting an intrahepatic branch of portal vein to hepatic vein branch   transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt  
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detoxification, storage of vitamin B12, synthesis of plasma proteins, & metabolism of carbohydrates/fat & protein are the   functions of the liver  
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O2 rich blood is delivered to the liver through the   hepatic artery  
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bile greatly improves the digestion of   lipids  
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drug abuse, alcohol abuse, & viral infections can all cause   liver damage  
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has a short incubation period (2-6 weeks), acute in nature, & transferred through fecal-oral contamination   hepatitis A  
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affects mostly drug users already infected with hepatitis B   hepatitis D  
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was spread through infected blood transfusions before 1992   hepatitis C  
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most frequently seen in the developing world and not encountered often in North America   hepatitis E  
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___ is now recommended against hepatitis A & B   vaccination  
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alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, & alcoholic fatty liver disease are the stages of alcoholic   liver disease  
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alcoholic liver disease & chronic HBV/HBC infections are the most common causes of   cirrhosis of the liver  
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will develop in an attempt to steer blood around a cirrhotic liver   bypass veins  
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infection w/fever, portal-systemic vein bypass, gastrointestinal hemorrhage & binge drinking are capable of triggering   triggering hepatic encephalopathy  
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poisoning of brain due to impaired liver function   hepatic encephalopathy  
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autoimmune disease that damages the epithelium of the bile ducts   primary biliary cirrhosis  
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are asymptomatic while in the gallbladder   gallstones  
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gallstones occur in approximately __ of the population   0.2  
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hepatocellular, obstructive, & hemolytic are the major types of   jaundice  
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developing acutely in infants/children post mild viral infection; marked swelling of brain w/neurologic & liver dysfunction, possible jaundice   Reye's syndrome  
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if a child with Reye's syndrome develops a fever & viral infection they must be given ___ instead of ___ to avoid liver damage & CNS disease   acetaminophen; aspirin  
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most gallstone are composed of   cholesterol  
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bile is stored in gallbladder & is a biological detergent emulsifying fat so that it can be more readily digested by   pancreatic enzymes  
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is less efficient without bile   digestion  
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