Liver & Biliary System
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benign tumor arising from glands | adenoma
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secretion of liver containing bile salts, cholesterol, & other substances | bile
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small terminal bile channel located between liver cords | bile canaliculus
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derivatives of bile acids present in bile that act as emulsifiers promoting fat digestion & absorption | bile salts
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diffuse liver call dmg & scarring w/distortion of liver cell structure & function caused by obstruction of bile ducts | biliary cirrhosis
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abdominal pain that results when gallstone enters biliary duct system | biliary colic
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(1) of bile pigments derived from breakdown of hemoglobin | bilirubin
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inflammation of gallbladder | cholecystitis
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formation of gallstones | cholelithiasis
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complex compound containing several ring structures | cholesterol
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complex compound found in cholesterol | sterol
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disease characterized by diffuse intrahepatic scarring & liver cell degeneration | liver cirrhosis
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more soluble form of bilirubin produced by addition of (2) molecules glucuronic acid to bilirubin molecule | conjugated bilirubin
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(1) of herpes viruses causing infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms in adults & may cause congenital malformation in fetus | cytomegalovirus
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virus that causes infectious mononucleosis | Epstein-Barr virus
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inflammation of the liver | hepatitis
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antigen containing in the core of hepatitis B virus | hepatitis B core antigen
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coating of hepatitis B virus that is also found in great excess in blood of infected patients | hepatitis B surface antigen
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yellow color of skin resulting from accumulation of bile pigment within blood | jaundice
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phospholipid having detergent properties similar to bile salts | lecithin
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phosphorus-containing lipid | phospholipid
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histologic subdivision of liver in which columns of liver cells converge toward a central vein & portal tracts are located at periphery | liver lobule
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irregular red-staining structure in cytoplasm of injured liver cells, usually resulting from alcohol-induced liver injury | Mallory body
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aggregate of bile salt & lecithin molecules by which cholesterol is brought into solution in bile | micelle
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surgically created anastomosis between portal vein & vena cava, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices | portacaval shunt
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branch of hepatic artery, portal vein & bile duct located at periphery of liver lobule | portal tract
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surgically created anastomosis between splenic & renal veins, performed to lower portal pressure in treatment of esophageal varices | splenorenal shunt
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nonsurgical method used to lower portal vein pressure in person w/cirrhosis by connecting an intrahepatic branch of portal vein to hepatic vein branch | transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
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detoxification, storage of vitamin B12, synthesis of plasma proteins, & metabolism of carbohydrates/fat & protein are the | functions of the liver
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O2 rich blood is delivered to the liver through the | hepatic artery
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bile greatly improves the digestion of | lipids
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drug abuse, alcohol abuse, & viral infections can all cause | liver damage
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has a short incubation period (2-6 weeks), acute in nature, & transferred through fecal-oral contamination | hepatitis A
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affects mostly drug users already infected with hepatitis B | hepatitis D
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was spread through infected blood transfusions before 1992 | hepatitis C
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most frequently seen in the developing world and not encountered often in North America | hepatitis E
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___ is now recommended against hepatitis A & B | vaccination
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alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, & alcoholic fatty liver disease are the stages of alcoholic | liver disease
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alcoholic liver disease & chronic HBV/HBC infections are the most common causes of | cirrhosis of the liver
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will develop in an attempt to steer blood around a cirrhotic liver | bypass veins
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infection w/fever, portal-systemic vein bypass, gastrointestinal hemorrhage & binge drinking are capable of triggering | triggering hepatic encephalopathy
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poisoning of brain due to impaired liver function | hepatic encephalopathy
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autoimmune disease that damages the epithelium of the bile ducts | primary biliary cirrhosis
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are asymptomatic while in the gallbladder | gallstones
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gallstones occur in approximately __ of the population | 0.2
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hepatocellular, obstructive, & hemolytic are the major types of | jaundice
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developing acutely in infants/children post mild viral infection; marked swelling of brain w/neurologic & liver dysfunction, possible jaundice | Reye's syndrome
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if a child with Reye's syndrome develops a fever & viral infection they must be given ___ instead of ___ to avoid liver damage & CNS disease | acetaminophen; aspirin
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most gallstone are composed of | cholesterol
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bile is stored in gallbladder & is a biological detergent emulsifying fat so that it can be more readily digested by | pancreatic enzymes
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is less efficient without bile | digestion
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Created by:
lfrancois
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