Review Exercise C
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| The chest and abdomen are generally almost equal in circumference in the newborn. True/False | True
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| Bony landmarks in infants are easy to palpate and locate. True/False | False, they are non-existant
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| What is the recommended NPO fasting before a 1-year old upper GI? | 4 hours before exam
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| What is the recommended NPO fasting before a 2-month old upper GI? | 3 hours before exam
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| What is the recommended NPO fasting before an infant lower GI? | no prep required
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| What is the recommended NPO fasting before a pediatric IVU? | 4 hours (no solid foods)
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| List five conditions that contraindicate the use of laxatives or enemas in preparation for a lower GI study. | Hirschsprung's disease, extensive diarrhea, appendicitis, obstruction, dehydration
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| Where is the CR centered for an erect abdomen on a small child? | 1" above the umbilicus
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| What is the minimum kV for an AP abdomen projection of a newborn without a grid? | 65kV
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| A grid is required for a pediatric AP abdomen if the abdomen measures more than how many cm? | 10
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| Which projection of the abdomen best demonstrates the prevertebral region? | Dorsal decubitus abdomen
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| What condition is caused by inflammation of the inner lining of the large or small bowel, resulting in death? | NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis)
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| What projection should be performed for a possible meconium ileus? | AP erect abdomen
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| How much barium for an upper GI should be given to a patient newborn - 1 year old? | 2-4oz
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| How much barium for an upper GI should be given to a patient 1-3 years old? | 4-6oz
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| How much barium for an upper GI should be given to a patient 3-10 years old? | 6-12oz
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| How much barium for an upper GI should be given to a patient over 10 years old? | 12-16oz
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| What may be the only recouse if a pediatric patient refuses to drink barium for an upper GI series? | Have readiologist pass a nasogastric tube into the patients stomach.
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| A piece of lead vinyl can be placed beneath the child's lower pelvis during a conventional fluroscopy to reduce the gonadel/mean bone marrow dose. True/False | True, should be 1mm thick.
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| The transit time of the contrast media for reaching the cecum during a small bowel series on a 3-year old child is approximately how long? | 1 hour
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| Latex enema tips should be used for barium enemas for children under the age of 1year. True/False | False, potential life threatening allergic reaction to latex.
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| Small retention enema tips can be used on infants during a barium enema to help barium retention. True/False | False, may perforate the rectum.
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| What type of contrast media is recommended for reducing an intussusception? | air enema
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| What is the maximum height for the barium enema bag above the tabletop before the beginning of a procedure? | 3 feet
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| Vesicoureteral reflux | backward flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys
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| Wilm's tumor | malignant tumor of the kidney common in children under the age of 5 years
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| What is the most common pathologic indication for a voiding cystourethrogram? | UTI
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| Which positions are frequently performed during a VCUG on a pediatric patient? | AP and Obliques (LPO, RPO)
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| It is difficult to distinguish the small bowel from the large bowel on a plain abdomen on an infant. True/False | True, the haustra of the large bowel are not as apparent and little body fat exists.
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