Everest - Integumentary Characteristics and Pathologies
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| Fat Cell | Lipocyte
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| Structural protein found in skin and connective tissue | Collagen
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| Black pigment found in the epidermis | Melanin
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| Deepest region of the epidermis | Basal Layer
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| Outermost layer of the epidermis, consists of flat, keratinized cells | Stratum Corneum
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| Oily substance secreted by the sebaceous gland | Sebum
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| Middle layer of the skin | Dermis
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| Hard, horny protein found in hair, nails and epidermis | Keratin
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| Band of epidermis at base and sides of nails | cuticle
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| Circumscribed collection of clear fluid of blister | vesicle
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| smooth, slightly elevated edematous area | wheal
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| discolored, flat lesion or freckle | macule
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| groove/crack like sore | fissure
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| mushroom-like growth extending from the surface of a mucous membrane | polyp
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| circumscribed collection of pus/small abscess | pustule
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| closed sac containing fluid or semi solid material | cyst
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| open sore or erosion of the skin | ulcer
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| solid elevation of the skin/pimple | papule
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| larger than 1-cm solid elevation of the skin | nodule
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| Corney Lucy's Grandma Spits Germs or Baseballs | stratum Corneum stratum Lucidum stratum Granulosum stratum Spinosum stratum Germinativum or Basale
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| 20-30 layers of flat dead cells, contains keratin, "waterproofing" | Stratum Corneum
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| Found ONLY on palms and soles of feet | Stratum Lucidium
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| granular cells, contains melanocytes | Stratum Granulosum
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| Protection from UV radiation, contains melanin | Stratum Spinosum
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| Innermost layer, contains melanocytes, always producing new cells | Stratum Germinativum/Basale
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| "Jobs" of Integumentary system | Protection, Vitamin D synthisis, body temp regulation, excretion, sensation
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| first sense developed in the embryo | touch
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| Characteristics of integumentary system | Largest organ (22ft), heaviest organ, most extensive blood supply
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| Outer most layer, no blood vessels or nerves, 4-5 layers | Epidermis
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| Inner layer, contains collagen, elastin, and ground substance, hair, nails, glands | Dermis
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| Responsible for light touch | Messiner's corpuscules
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| responsible for heavy touch | Pacinian corpuscules
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| consists of loose connective tissue and fat | Subcutaneous layer
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| Hair characteristics | protection, warmth, assists with touch, dead keratinized cells, filters pathogens
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| hair root and connective tissue hold hair in place | hair follicle
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| nerves stimulated when hair moves, and _____ _____ muscles are responsible for hair movement | Hair root plexus and erector pili
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| Nail characteristics | keratinized cells, protects ends of digits
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| Half-moon shaped white area at base of nail, where nail grows | Lunula
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| Clear visible portion | Nail body
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| Secrets oil/sebum | sebaceous glands
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| clogged sebaceous gland | white head
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| clogged sebum exposed to air | black head/comedome
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| sweat gland, located in | sudoriferous glands, palms, feet, forehead
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| 2 types of sweat glands | Eccrine & Apocrine
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| Modified apocrine gland | Mammory Glands
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| Cerminous Gland | subset of apocrine, secretes cerumen or earwax
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| Skin color is caused by... | pigmentation and blood flow
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| found in epidermis, can range from yellow to black | Melanin
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| Melanin producing cells, varying in color because of genetics and UV exposure, and protects from UV rays by getting darker (causing freckles) | Melanocytes
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| carotene | varies due to diet, yellow pigment in skin, can cause skin to turn orange if there is too much
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| chronic inflammation of sebacous glands & their hair follicles | Acne
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| local staphylococcus infection | boil
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| Group of boils | Carbuncle
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| MRSA | Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
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| Rapidly spreading acute bacterial infection | Cellulitis
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| small red spots that develop into vesicles, become filled with pus, burst, and develop a thick yellow crust | Impetigo
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| Neoplasm | new growth
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| benign tumor consisting of blood or lymph vessels | angioma
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| fatty tumor | lipoma
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| Nevus/Nevi | Mole
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| A B C D E | Asymmetry Border Color Diameter Elevation
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| slow growing benign tumor caused by a blockage of a sebaceous gland contains keratin, sebum, and hair follicle cells | sebaceous cyst
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| chronic condition causing inflammation, scaling, and crusting | Seborrheic Dermatitis
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| Most common skin cancer | Basal cell carcinoma
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| 1/3 of all skin cancers | squamous cell carcinoma
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| least common but most deadly skin cancer | malignant melanoma
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| Hair loss caused by aging, genetic predisposition, stress, chemicals | alopecia
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| 1st degree burn | redness, mild stinging, mild swelling
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| 2nd degree burn | redness , moderate to intense pain, swelling, blistering, can take up to six months to heal
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| 3rd degree burn | past the point of blisters, skin can be charred black or white, dermis and epidermis destroyed or damaged pain sensation interrupted
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| acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by redness, eruptions, edema, scaling, itching can be caused by internal or external forces | Dermatitis
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| often interchanged with dermatitis but ONLY caused by internal forces | eczema
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| due to allergy or hypersensitivity most common cause food, pollens, or cosmetics | Atopic dermatitis
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| Dandruff or cradle cap | Seborrhec dermatitis
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| chronic condition causing red skin scaly skin and can be found on elbows, knees, scalp, back and buttocks | psoriasis
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| Hardening of connective tissue | scleroderma
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| hives | urticaria
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| vitiligo | loss of pigment
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| extremely contagious pariasitic skin infection marked be little red bumps, greatest contagious risk to MT's | scabies
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| Head lice | found on scalp and eyebrows, most common form of lice
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| chickenpox | varicella
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| verruca | wart caused by HPV
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