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Everest - Integumentary Characteristics and Pathologies

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Question
Answer
Fat Cell   Lipocyte  
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Structural protein found in skin and connective tissue   Collagen  
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Black pigment found in the epidermis   Melanin  
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Deepest region of the epidermis   Basal Layer  
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Outermost layer of the epidermis, consists of flat, keratinized cells   Stratum Corneum  
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Oily substance secreted by the sebaceous gland   Sebum  
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Middle layer of the skin   Dermis  
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Hard, horny protein found in hair, nails and epidermis   Keratin  
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Band of epidermis at base and sides of nails   cuticle  
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Circumscribed collection of clear fluid of blister   vesicle  
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smooth, slightly elevated edematous area   wheal  
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discolored, flat lesion or freckle   macule  
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groove/crack like sore   fissure  
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mushroom-like growth extending from the surface of a mucous membrane   polyp  
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circumscribed collection of pus/small abscess   pustule  
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closed sac containing fluid or semi solid material   cyst  
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open sore or erosion of the skin   ulcer  
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solid elevation of the skin/pimple   papule  
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larger than 1-cm solid elevation of the skin   nodule  
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Corney Lucy's Grandma Spits Germs or Baseballs   stratum Corneum stratum Lucidum stratum Granulosum stratum Spinosum stratum Germinativum or Basale  
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20-30 layers of flat dead cells, contains keratin, "waterproofing"   Stratum Corneum  
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Found ONLY on palms and soles of feet   Stratum Lucidium  
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granular cells, contains melanocytes   Stratum Granulosum  
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Protection from UV radiation, contains melanin   Stratum Spinosum  
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Innermost layer, contains melanocytes, always producing new cells   Stratum Germinativum/Basale  
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"Jobs" of Integumentary system   Protection, Vitamin D synthisis, body temp regulation, excretion, sensation  
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first sense developed in the embryo   touch  
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Characteristics of integumentary system   Largest organ (22ft), heaviest organ, most extensive blood supply  
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Outer most layer, no blood vessels or nerves, 4-5 layers   Epidermis  
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Inner layer, contains collagen, elastin, and ground substance, hair, nails, glands   Dermis  
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Responsible for light touch   Messiner's corpuscules  
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responsible for heavy touch   Pacinian corpuscules  
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consists of loose connective tissue and fat   Subcutaneous layer  
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Hair characteristics   protection, warmth, assists with touch, dead keratinized cells, filters pathogens  
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hair root and connective tissue hold hair in place   hair follicle  
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nerves stimulated when hair moves, and _____ _____ muscles are responsible for hair movement   Hair root plexus and erector pili  
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Nail characteristics   keratinized cells, protects ends of digits  
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Half-moon shaped white area at base of nail, where nail grows   Lunula  
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Clear visible portion   Nail body  
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Secrets oil/sebum   sebaceous glands  
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clogged sebaceous gland   white head  
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clogged sebum exposed to air   black head/comedome  
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sweat gland, located in   sudoriferous glands, palms, feet, forehead  
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2 types of sweat glands   Eccrine & Apocrine  
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Modified apocrine gland   Mammory Glands  
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Cerminous Gland   subset of apocrine, secretes cerumen or earwax  
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Skin color is caused by...   pigmentation and blood flow  
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found in epidermis, can range from yellow to black   Melanin  
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Melanin producing cells, varying in color because of genetics and UV exposure, and protects from UV rays by getting darker (causing freckles)   Melanocytes  
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carotene   varies due to diet, yellow pigment in skin, can cause skin to turn orange if there is too much  
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chronic inflammation of sebacous glands & their hair follicles   Acne  
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local staphylococcus infection   boil  
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Group of boils   Carbuncle  
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MRSA   Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus  
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Rapidly spreading acute bacterial infection   Cellulitis  
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small red spots that develop into vesicles, become filled with pus, burst, and develop a thick yellow crust   Impetigo  
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Neoplasm   new growth  
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benign tumor consisting of blood or lymph vessels   angioma  
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fatty tumor   lipoma  
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Nevus/Nevi   Mole  
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A B C D E   Asymmetry Border Color Diameter Elevation  
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slow growing benign tumor caused by a blockage of a sebaceous gland contains keratin, sebum, and hair follicle cells   sebaceous cyst  
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chronic condition causing inflammation, scaling, and crusting   Seborrheic Dermatitis  
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Most common skin cancer   Basal cell carcinoma  
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1/3 of all skin cancers   squamous cell carcinoma  
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least common but most deadly skin cancer   malignant melanoma  
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Hair loss caused by aging, genetic predisposition, stress, chemicals   alopecia  
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1st degree burn   redness, mild stinging, mild swelling  
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2nd degree burn   redness , moderate to intense pain, swelling, blistering, can take up to six months to heal  
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3rd degree burn   past the point of blisters, skin can be charred black or white, dermis and epidermis destroyed or damaged pain sensation interrupted  
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acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by redness, eruptions, edema, scaling, itching can be caused by internal or external forces   Dermatitis  
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often interchanged with dermatitis but ONLY caused by internal forces   eczema  
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due to allergy or hypersensitivity most common cause food, pollens, or cosmetics   Atopic dermatitis  
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Dandruff or cradle cap   Seborrhec dermatitis  
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chronic condition causing red skin scaly skin and can be found on elbows, knees, scalp, back and buttocks   psoriasis  
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Hardening of connective tissue   scleroderma  
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hives   urticaria  
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vitiligo   loss of pigment  
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extremely contagious pariasitic skin infection marked be little red bumps, greatest contagious risk to MT's   scabies  
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Head lice   found on scalp and eyebrows, most common form of lice  
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chickenpox   varicella  
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verruca   wart caused by HPV  
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