Chapter 2 Vocabulary 1500-1733
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| Protestantism finally gained permanent dominance in England after the succession to the throne of | Queen Elizabeth I.
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| Imperial England and English soldiers developed a contemptuous attitude toward "natives" partly through their colonizing experiences in | Ireland
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| English dominance over the Spanish Armada gave it | Dominance in the Atlantic and a vibrant new sense of nationalism
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| At the time of the first colonization efforts, England was | undergoing rapid economic and social transformations
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| Most puritan settlers in America were | uprooted sheep farmers from eastern and western England
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| England's first colony, Jamestown, was saved by | John Smith's leadership and John Rolfe's introduction of Tobacco
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| Representative government was first introduced in the colony of | Virginia
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| One important difference in the fouding of Virginia and Maryland was that | Virginia was fonded for economic venture whereas Maryland was founded as a religious haven for persecuted Roman Catholics
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| After the Religious Toleration Act of 1649 Maryland provided religious toleration for | Protestants and Catholics
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| The primary reason that no colonies were founded between 1637 and 1670 was | the English Civil war
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| The first conflicts between the English settlers and the Indians near Jamestown laid the basis for | The reservation system
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| In colonial English-Indian relations, the term "middle ground" referred to | the cultural zone where whites and indians were forced to accommodate one another by shared practice that included intermarriage
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| After the defeat of the Yamassee and Tuscarora Indians by the North Carolinians in 1711-1715 | The powerful Creeks, Cherokees, and Iroquois remained as a barrier in the Appalachian mountain to the white settlers
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| Most of the early white settlers in North Carolina were | religious dissenters and poor whites fleeing aristocratic Virginia
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| the high minded philanthropists who founded Georgia were interested in | prison reform and avoiding slavery
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| Founded as a haven for Roman Catholics | Maryland
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| Indian leader who ruled the tribes in the James River area of Virginia | Powhatan
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| Harsh military governor who employed "Irish Tactics" against the Native Americans | Lord De La Warr
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| British West Indian sugar colonies where large scale plantation and slavery took root | Barbados and Jamaica
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| Founded as a haven for debtors and philanthropists | Georgia
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| Colony that was called a "vale of humanity between two mountains of conceit" | North Carolina
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| The unmarried ruler who led England to national glory | Queen Elizabeth I.
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| The Catholic aristocrat who sought to build sanctuary for his fellow believers | Lord Baltimore
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| The failed "lost colony" founded by Sir Walter Raleigh | Roanoke
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| Riverbank site where Virginia Company settlers planted the first permanent English Colony | Jamestown
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| Colony that established the House of Burgesses in 1619 | Virginia
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| Leaders who rescued Jamestown from the "starving time". | Smith and Rolfe
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| Elizabeth courtiers who failed in their attempts to found New World colonies | Raleigh and Gilbert
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| Philanthropic soldier-statesman who founded the Georgia colony | James Oglethorpe
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| Colony that turned disease-resistant Africans into a labor force for its extensive rice plantations | South Carolina
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| Nation where English Protestant rulers employed brutal tactics against the local Catholic population | Ireland
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| Island colony founded by Sir Walter Raleigh that mysteriously disappeared in the 1580's | Roanoke Colony
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| Naval invaders defeated by English "sea dogs" in 1588 | Spanish-Armada
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| Forerunner of the modern corporation that enabled investors to pool capital for colonial ventures | joint-stock company
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| Name of two wars, fought in 1612 and 1644, between the English in Jamestown and the nearby Indian leader | Anglo-Powhatan wars
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| The harsh system of Barbados law governing African labor officially adopted by South Carolina in 1696 | Barbados Slave codes
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| Royal documents granting a specified group the right to form a colony and guaranteeing the settlers their rights as English citizens | royal charter
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| Penniless people obligated labor for several years, often in exchange for passage into the New World and other benefits | indentured servants
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| Powerful Indian confederacy of New York and the great lakes area comprised of several peoples | Iroquois Confederacy
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| Poor farmers in North Carolina and elsewhere who occupied legal land and raised crops without gaining legal right to the soil | squatters
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| Term for colony under direct control of the English crown | royal colony
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| the primary crop of Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina | tobacco
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| The other southern colony with a slave majority | South Carolina
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| The primary plantation crop of South Carolina | rice
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| Melting-pot town in early colonial Georgia | Savannah
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