11&14: Development & Resource Issues
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| animate power | power supplied by people or animals |
| inanimate power | power generated from machines |
| biomass fuel | wood, plant material, & animal waste |
| resource | substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically & technologically feasible to access, & is socially acceptable to use |
| fossil fuel | residue of plants and animals that were buried many years ago |
| renewable energy | energy that can is replaced continually |
| nonrenewable energy | energy that forms so slowly that for practical purposes it cannot be renewed |
| proven reserve | amount of energy remaining in deposits that have been discovered |
| potential reserve | energy in undiscovered deposits that are thought to exist |
| fission | production of electricity from energy released by splitting uranium atoms in a controlled environment |
| radioactive waste | product of all nuclear reactions |
| ferrous | iron ore & other allows used in the production of iron & steel |
| nonferrous | utilized to make products other than iron and steel (most abundant is aluminum) |
| pollution | more waste is added than a resource can accommodate |
| air pollution | concentration of trace substances at a greater level than occurs in average air |
| greenhouse effect | anticipated increase in Earth's temperature, caused by carbon dioxide trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface |
| ozone | stratosphere above Earth's surface |
| chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) | pollutants used in refrigerators & air conditioners that break down Earth's layer of ozone gas |
| acid deposition | tiny droplets of sulfuric acid & nitric acid form & return to Earth's surface |
| acid precipitation | rain, snow, or fog |
| photochemcial smog | formed from hydrocarbons & nitrogen oxides in the presence of sunlight |
| biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) | constitued by the oxygen consumed by the decomposing organic waste |
| sanitary landfill | most common strategy for disposal of solid waste |
| passive solar energy systems | capture energy without special devices |
| active solar energy systems | collect solar energy & convert it to heat energy/electricity |
| photovoltaic cells | convert light energy into electrical energy |
| hydroelectric power | energy of moving water used to generate electricity |
| geothermal energy | energy from hot water or steam |
| fusion | fusing of hydrogen atoms to form helium |
| recycling | separation, collection, processing, marketing, and reuse of unwanted material |
| conservation | sustainable use & management of natural resources such as wildlife, water, air, and Earth deposits to meet human needs |
| preservation | maintenance of resources in their present condition, with as little human impact as possible |
| sustainable development | development that meets the needs of the present w/o compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs |
| biological diversity (biodiversity) | variety of species across Earth as a whole or in a specific place |
| breeder reactor | turns uranium into a renewable resource by generating plutonium |
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