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ReligionMidterm 1/14

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Question
Answer
Gentiles   non-jewish people  
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gothic architecture   The style that most cathedrals were built in; T  
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Reformed Religion   John Calvin 1530 switzerlandBeliefs: Rejected The Pope;Outlawed Drinking gamblking ect.; Attendence at Church was required; Mass was rejected; Minster could be married; Bible Supreme Authority;Predestination  
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Encyclicals    
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Avignon Papacy   1307-1377 center of the Christan Church moved to Avignon, France ; Underneath the rule of the French King  
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John Calvin   1509-1564 French Protestant Leader you formed his own religion after breaking away from Protestant/Luteran  
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Antioch    
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Catherine of Siena   Convicned the Pope to come back to Rome; First Female Doctor of the Church  
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John Knox   1514-1572 drove the Catholic Monarch and set up the Presbyterian Church of Scottland; Brought the Reformed Religion to Scottland  
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Reformation   to seek a better change  
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Great Schism   1054  
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Martin Luther   Priest and Monk;Saw Abuses in the Church; German and UptightWrote the 95 theses and posted the on the Church Door in Wittenburg  
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Ecumenical Council   a world wide conciel  
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95 Theses   Posted by Martin Luther; 95 agurement against the Church's Abuses  
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Zwingli   Started a new Religon called Anabaptist because he did not believe in baptism (now what is omish today)  
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Predestination   The Belief that God already deciedes who is going to Heaven and Hell ~Calvinist Belief  
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Renaissance   The Re-Birth of Eroupe  
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Henry VIII   King that worte the book Defense of the 7 sacraments; Pope crowned him The Defender of the Faith  
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Mendicant   begging; living a life of poverty  
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Humanism   wanted religious education; deeply toublved by the ignorance and corruption they saw within the church  
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Anglicanism   King HenryVIII 1540s EnglandBeliefs: Reject pope; Rejec t Presence of Christ in Communion; Replaced Mass with English service;All scaramewnt remanied;priests were allowed to be marries  
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Franciscan   An Order of Monks; Started by Fransic of Assisi  
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Thomas More   martyr; humanist  
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Lutheranism   MArtin Luther 1517 GermanyBeliefs: Salavtion was though Jesus alone; Priests were married; Relpaced mass with Communion services;Active Particaption; No religious orders;Eucharist and Baptism; No Pope  
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Dominican   Order of Monks; Known as the Order of Preachers  
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Erasmus   Dutch Priest; Scolar; published New Testament in Latin and Greek  
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Indulgences   prayers and tasks that shortened peanances  
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Friar   a monk who worked out of a monastary; lived a life of poverty  
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John Fisher   Bishop; Martyr; Humanist  
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Mother Teresa   A woman who was a nun in India; insisted that she worked outside of the monastry; started her own order of nuns The Missonaries of Charity  
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Poor Clares   order of nuns started by Clare Of Assisi; Female verison of the Fransicans  
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Michelangelo    
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Pope John Paul II ( Karol Wojtyla)   Became Pope at age 58; Longest regin as Pope; Started Youth Ministry; Befreind and Apoligized to the Jewish People  
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Benedictine   Type of Monastic Life; were strict; focused on work study and prayer very little idle time  
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Constantine   emporor that stopped the persucution of Christians; Signed the Edict og Milan  
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Gnosticism/ gnostics   Heries: everything physical or matieral was evil; denied Jesus was human; claimed to have special knowleadgeChuch Counicel: Charlcedon451 "Jesus is both Human and Divine  
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Thomas Aquinas   Church Thinker; Wrote the Summa Theologica  
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Edict of Milan   Papers that offical ended the Persuction of Christians  
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Augustine   was a non-believer~converted~one of the best Theologians of the Church  
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Summa Theologica   written by Thomas Aquinas- Stated that Reason and Faith can be on the same side  
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Anabaptist   Huldrych Zwingli 1520 Switerland Beliefs: Chirst wasnt present in the Eucharist; Rejected Veneration of Saints;Rejected infant baptism; Only adult baptism; Rejected all Sacaraments;No Pope  
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Jerome   Translated the Bible into Latin  
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Motijil   The Garbage dump were mother Teresa did her work  
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Colomba   coverted scottland 500s  
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Boniface   converted Germany/Scandinavia 600s 700s  
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Milvian Bridge   The night before this battle Constatine saw a Chi Rio in the Sky and heard a voice say "In this Sign You Will Win"; Effect: Stopped Persuctuion  
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Trinity   3persons in 1God  
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Patrick   Brought the Catholic Religion to Ireland (5th century)  
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Paul   spreaad of Christianity to Non-Jews~ 3missonary journeys~50AD council of Jerusalem-if the converts had to become Jewish before becoming Christian  
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Barnabas   baptized Saul/Paul  
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Acts of the Apostles   Tells about the days of the Early Church  
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Bishop   --In Charge of the Diocese --Ordains Priests --Assigns Priest to Parishes and other Ministries as needed --sets up religious policly --Decides to open/close a school/parish --Leadership/Teaching role in his diocese --can minster all Sacraments  
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Crusades   wars fought over the Holy Lands  
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seminary   The school for priests where they went to learn priestly things  
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Benedict   Started the Benedictiene Monastries  
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Monasticism   Heries- The world was about to end;denied the forgivness of sins and need for matieral goodsSolved-no church conicuel needed  
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Arianism   Heries-Denied the divinty of Jesus and of the Holy SpiritSolved-Nicea 325/Constantinople 381-Jesus and The Holy Spirit are one with God  
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Nestorianism   Heries-Belived that Jesus wa 2 persons ; said that Mary was the Mother of Jesus , not "God"Solved-Ephesus 431 " Mary isthe Mother of God ; Jesus is one person with 2 natures"  
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diocese   An area if land that contains parishes within it  
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parish   a community that worships at and belongs to a particular church  
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Ordination   the scarement where a man becomes a priest  
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Nicene Creed   Statement of Beliefs written during the Council of Nicaea and ConstantinopleSee Packet  
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What were the Things that Monasteries did for socity?   1.shelter for travlers 2.hospital services for the ill 3.medicines from their herb garden 4. Mass and Scaraments 5.Copied acinet books 6.Orphanages for children 7.school for boys  
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What was the Benedictine Rule?   1. Abbot/father 2.Labor would be changed on a regular basis by certian "offices" 3.Certian times for praying,rising,eating,working,talking ect. 4.all work would have a purpose  
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What did St.Paul do to spred the Good Word?   He spread the word of God to gentiles  
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What did the Franiscans do?   order of monks that lived and worked with the poverty and lived a life of poverty; Started by Fransic of Assisi  
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What did the Dominicans do?   Order of Preachers  
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What did the Benedictines do?   Copied Books; Took over when rome fell  
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What did the Poor Clares do?   order of nuns that worked and lived in poverty; started by Clare of Assisi  
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Describe the Avignon Papacy?   Corput; many Popes; Decrease in Faith  
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Why was the Avigon Papacy a problem?   There was many men claiming to be Pope all at the same time  
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What were the Causes for the Fall of Rome?   1 Got to big 2. Got too Corrupt 3. Got to military 4. Tribal People were brought into the empire 5.Violent  
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What were the Results?   1. Church became leaders 2. Church took over goverment 3.people gathered in small comunities 4. Feudalism began 5. Rise od Monastic Life  
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What is Pentecost?   Decent of the Holy Spirit; Apostles are Stregthened;Apostles preach in jerusalem; Birthday of the Church  
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Saul's Converison?   Converted on the way to Damcus; Becomes strong Christian Follower + Changes name to Paul  
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What was the Council of Jerusalem?   Had to diecide weather or not to have non-jewish people become jewish first and then ChristianResult- No the did not need to become jewish first  
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Why did the Romans persucut the Christians?   1.Wouldnt Fight 2.Refused to pay Taxes to Pagans 3. Refused to worship Pagans 4.Thought to bring bad luck 5. thought to be Cannibals  
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What did the Edict of Milan do?   Stopped Persuction of All Christians  
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What are the Renaissances?Characteristics?   The Re-Birth of Europe-- Arts Sciences and Cathedrals  
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See Church Fathers    
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See Nicene Creed Packet    
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