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Modern Genetics

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Question
Answer
Multiple alleles   three or more forms of a gene that codes for a single trait  
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Carrier is a person   who has one recessive and one dominant allele for a trait  
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Genetic disorders are caused by   DNA mutations or changes in chromosomes  
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Pedigree chart   predicts the probability of a baby having a particular trait  
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Genetic disorders   an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes  
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Geneticists use a pedigree   to trace the inheritance of traits in humans  
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A pedigree is   a chart that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait  
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Karyotype   a picture of the chromosomes in a cell  
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Cloning results in two organisms that are   genetically identical  
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Genome   all the DNA in one cell of an organism  
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Inbreeding   the form of selective breeding that crosses parents with the same or similar sets of alleles  
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Genetic engineering   the transfer of genes from one organism to another  
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An example of genetic engineering   creating human insulin to treat people with diabetes  
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Sickle-cell disease   a genetic disorder that results in abnormally shaped blood cells  
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Cystic Fibrosis   a genetic disorder that causes the body to produce unusually thick mucus in the lungs and intestines  
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the purpose of the Human Genome Project   to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human genome  
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Hemophilia is caused by a   recessive allele on the X chromosome  
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The sex chromosomes of a male human are   XY  
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Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which   an extra chromosome is added to a pair  
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Blood type is controlled by   a gene with multiple alleles  
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The variations of skin color is controlled by   many genes  
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Sex-linked traits are more common in males than in females because   a recessive allele on the X chromosome will always produce the trait in a male  
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Many characteristics are affected by interactions between   genes and the environment  
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Height is a human trait that   can be altered by variations in the environment  
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Height in humans is controlled by   at least four genes  
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To produce human proteins   geneticists must know the DNA bases that codes for the protein  
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Created by: Mrs. Gordon
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