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Ch. 10 The Roman Republic

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Question
Answer
Aeneas   legendary Roman hero; the Romans traced their history back to him. He was a Trojan hero who left Troy after the Trojan War, eventually settling in Italy.  
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Romulus and Remus   legendary figures in Roman history; they built a city that eventually became Rome.  
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republic   a political system in which people elect leaders to govern them  
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dictator   a ruler who has almost absolute power  
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Cincinnatus   Roman dictator; he was chosen by the Romans to defend their lands from attack. Later, he willingly gave up power and was considered an ideal leader by the Romans  
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plebeians   the common people in ancient Rome  
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patricians   the nobility in Roman society  
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magistrates   officials  
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consuls   two most powerful magistrates in Rome  
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Roman Senate   council of wealthy and powerful Romans that advised the city's leaders  
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veto   prohibit  
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Latin   Roman's language  
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checks and balances   methods to balance power  
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Forum   Rome's public meeting place  
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primary   main; most important  
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legions   groups of 6,000 soldiers  
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Punic Wars   series of wars against Carthage, a city in north Africa  
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Hannibal   Carthaginian general; he was one of the greatest generals of the ancient world. He invaded Italy during the Second Punic War but was eventually defeated by Scipio at the Battle of Zama  
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purpose   the reason that something is done  
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Gaius Marius   Roman consul; he was a popular general who encouraged unemployed poor to join the Roman army  
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Lucius Cornelius Sulla   Roman consul; he battled Gaius Marius in a civil war  
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Spartacus   former Roman gladiator; he led a slave revolt against Rome  
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Created by: KARENCROSBY
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