USCSOM: Pathology: Disorders of Nutrition
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| What is primary malnutrition? | inadequate food supply
🗑
|
||||
| What is secondary malnutrition? | GI disease, chronic wasting disease, acute critical illness
🗑
|
||||
| What is PEM? | protein energy malnutrition
🗑
|
||||
| What is Marasmus? | severe reduction in calories; wasting of somatic protein stores; serum albumin normal; alert and hungry
🗑
|
||||
| What is Kwashiorkor? | severe lack of protein; depeletion of visceral stores despite sufficient calorie intake; flag sign/flaky paint skin; hypoalbuminemia
🗑
|
||||
| What is Cachexia? | seen with cancer and aids; extreme weight loss, fatigue, atrophy
🗑
|
||||
| What substances are postulated to cause cachexia? | PIF - proteolysis-inducing factor, LMF - lipid mobilizing factor, pro-inflammatory cytokines
🗑
|
||||
| What are clinical findings in anorexia nervosa? | amenorrhea; dec TH, Estrogen, bone density,
🗑
|
||||
| What is retinol? | vitamin A
🗑
|
||||
| What is a common dietary source of Vit A? | beta-carotene
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common cause of blindness in the world? | Vit A deficiency
🗑
|
||||
| What occular deficiencies result from Vit A deficiency? | xerophthalmia (dry eye), destruction of cornea, blindness, impaired night vision
🗑
|
||||
| What is Keratomalacia? | softening and ulceration of cornea
🗑
|
||||
| What are bitot spots? | spots on the cornea associated with Vit A deficiency
🗑
|
||||
| What epithelium is effected by lack of vit A? | bronchial, urinary tract, skin
🗑
|
||||
| What are some acute and chronic effects of Vit A toxicity? | headache, diziness, blurred vision; weightloss, bone/joint pain, increased bone resorption
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of Vit D? | maintain plasma levels of calcium and phosphorus
🗑
|
||||
| What is the major source of Vit D? | sunlight, 90% endogenously made
🗑
|
||||
| What is a lack of vitamin D in children? | rickets; irregular bone growth, bowed legs, costochondral junctions irregular
🗑
|
||||
| What is Osteomalacia? | Vit D deficiency in Adults; inadequate mineralization in osteod in normal bone remodeling
🗑
|
||||
| What is ascorbic acid? | Vit C
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of Vit C? | redox rxns and hydroxylation of collagen
🗑
|
||||
| What is scurvy? | Vit C deficiency; hemorrhagic wounds, bone abnormalities
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in infantile scurvy? | osteoblasts fail to form osteoid; periosteum becomes loosened and bleeds
🗑
|
||||
| What are the organic components that mediate hunger? | leptin and neuropeptide Y
🗑
|
||||
| What are the functions of leptin and neuropeptide Y on appetite? | leptin decrease appetite; NPY increase appetite
🗑
|
||||
| What is adiponectin? | stimulate fatty acid-ox; decrease fat mass
🗑
|
||||
| What is ghrelin? | gut hormone that increases food intake
🗑
|
||||
| What is the primary role of Vit E? | major antioxidant
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in Vit E deficiency? | spinocerebellar degeneration; decreased RBC lifespan; loss of pain/reflexes, muscle weakness, ataxia
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of Vit K? | co-factor in hepatic carboxylation of procoagulants II, VII, IX, X
🗑
|
||||
| What happens in Vit K deficiency? | hemorrhagic tendancy; occurs with fat malabsorption, antibiotic treatment
🗑
|
||||
| What are the water solubule vitamins? | thiamine (b1), riboflavin (b2), niacin, Vit C, Folate
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of Thiamine? | ATP synthesis, nerve conductance
🗑
|
||||
| What are the three targets in thiamine deficiency? | dry beriberi (peripheral neuropathy), wet beriberi (cardiovascular syndrome) dilation of vessels and heart, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (bleeding into mamillary bodies)
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of riboflavin B2? | redox rxns, mitochondria
🗑
|
||||
| What are the clinical manifestations of ariboflavinosis? | cheilosis (fissure at angle of mouth), glossitis (atrophy of tongue), scaly dermatitis
🗑
|
||||
| What ist eh role of niacin? | NAD and NADP, can be synthesized or consumed
🗑
|
||||
| What is niacin deficiency? What happens? | Pellagra, Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dimentia
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of pyridoxine B6? | transaminations, carboxylations, deaminations, lipid and protein metabolism
🗑
|
||||
| What is the role of folate? | single carbon units in DNA synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis
🗑
|
||||
| What is folate deficiency? | megaloblastic anemia, neural tube defects
🗑
|
||||
| What minerals are associated with deficiencies? | iron, zinc, copper, selenium, iodine
🗑
|
||||
| What results from zinc deficiency? | acrodermatits enteropathica (rash around eyes, nose, mouth, anus); growth retardation; decreased fertility
🗑
|
||||
| What is the fxn of selenium? | protects against oxidative lipid membrane dmg
🗑
|
||||
| What is Keshan disease? | selenium deficiency; cardiomyopathy
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
jlellerm
Popular Bacteriology sets