advanced imaging final 3 MRI
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| Raymond Damadian | reported NMR differences between normal tissue and tumors in 1971
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| Paul Lauterbur | produced the first MRI
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| 1984 | first clinical use of MRI
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| In what plane does an MRI image? | any, multi-planar
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| What produces the image in MRI? | nucleons and spin
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| What role do electrons play in MRI? | none
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| How does a nucleon spin cancel out? | there must be two nucleons spinning in opposite directions
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| What happens when there is an extra nucleon whose spin is not cancelled? | there is a net spin
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| How is an image picked up with MR? | the body must have net spin, creating a charge, this charge creates a magnetic field.
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| What is the target atom for MRI? | Hydrogen
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| Magnetic field strength for MRI | 1 Tesla, 10,000 Gauss
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| Current MRI magnet strength ranges: | .06 - 3.5 T
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| What does MRI do? | line up dipoles
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| Are the dipoles stationary after being lined up? What is this called? | no, Lamor wobble/frequency
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| Lamor frequency formula | Hydrogen = 4.26 mHz / Tesla
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| What causes the dipoles to flip? | RF signal at Lamor frequency
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| Net magnetization | the pt becomes polarized
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| Basic MRI signal: | FID – free induction decay
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| In spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) pathology appears how? | black or grey
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| In spin-spin relaxation time (T2) pathology appears how? | white
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| 4 ways we can pulse the RF signal: | partial saturation, spin-echo, gradient echo, inversion recovery
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| MR patients should be screened for what? | pacemakers, ferromagnetic aneruysm clips, shrapnel/metallic objects, cochlear implants.
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| When is the magnet turned off in MR? | never (unless unplugged for upgrade)
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