| PENICILLIANS |
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| BETA-LACTAMS |
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| CEPHALOSPORINS |
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| TETRACYCLINES |
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| Gentamicin (Gramycin) |
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| QUINOLONES (flouroquinolones) |
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| Ciproflaxacin (Cipro) |
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| amoxicillin (Amoxil), penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee K) |
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| amoxicillin (Amoxil), penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee K) |
4 sub-classes; 1. penicillians 2. cephalosporins 3. carbapenems,4. monobactams. |
Cefazolin sodium (Andef, Kefzol, ceftriaxon (rocephin, cephalexin (Keflex) |
Doxcycycline |
aminoglycoside |
cipro |
flouroquinolones |
| gram + bacteria; staphlococcus
|
break down chemical bond between Carbon and Nitrogen |
3 generations 1st - gram + coverage; 2nd gen- both; 3rd gen- gram - coverage 4th gen. cefapime |
contraindicated in peds b/c of mild interaction |
toxic to ears and kidney |
very potent broad spectrum- kill bacterial by altering DNA gyrase |
For the treatment of infections caused by susceptible gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli, |
| SE- uticaia, puritis & andioeduam |
betalactamase- enzyme produced by bacteria strains that makes bacteria more resistant |
(antibiotic structurally related to penicillins
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SE-discloation of permananet teeth, hypoplasia in fetus and children; possible retard of skeltal dev, and photosensitivity |
bind to ribosomes (30S) and prevent protien sythesis of bacteria |
interact with antacids, iron & zink |
CNS: Headache, dizziness, insomnia, fatigue, somnolence, depression, blurred vision CV: Arrhythmias, hypotension, angina EENT: Dry eye, eye pain, keratopathy GI: Nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, abdominal pain |
| most common adverse reaction- urticaria, pruritis angioedma |
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3rd generation - cefoxitin & ceftazidime |
coadminstration with milk, antacids, iron salts may decrease oral absoprtion of --CI preganant /lactating women and pediatric patients |
tx of gram negative |
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